Ollo C, Johnson R, Grafman J
Laboratory of Clinical Science, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Neurology. 1991 Feb;41(2 ( Pt 1)):209-15. doi: 10.1212/wnl.41.2_part_1.209.
We recorded event-related brain potentials (ERPs) from 2 groups of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive men with no physical illness or neurologic involvement: 9 asymptomatic (AS+) and 9 classified as having either acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS; 7) or AIDS-related complex (ARC; 2). In separate choice reaction time tasks, the subjects pressed buttons to randomly presented auditory or visual stimuli at probabilities of either 20/80 or 50/50. There were no group differences on any of the neuropsychological tests commonly used in screening batteries for HIV patients. In contrast, reduced P300 amplitudes and increased P300 latencies occurred in ARC/AIDS patients in response to both auditory and visual stimuli, while in AS+ patients such alterations occurred only in the visual modality. Significant delays in P2 latency were found only in the auditory modality and then only in ARC/AIDS patients. ARC/AIDS patients alone showed delayed response times, and only in the auditory modality. The P300 results demonstrate alterations in stimulus evaluation and processing speed in the earliest stages of HIV disease, even before cognitive deficits can be detected by more traditional measures.
我们记录了两组未患身体疾病或神经病变的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）阳性男性的事件相关脑电位（ERP）：9名无症状者（AS+）以及9名被归类为患有获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS；7例）或艾滋病相关综合征（ARC；2例）者。在单独的选择反应时任务中，受试者以20/80或50/50的概率按下按钮对随机呈现的听觉或视觉刺激做出反应。在用于筛查HIV患者的常用神经心理学测试中，两组之间没有差异。相比之下，ARC/AIDS患者在对听觉和视觉刺激做出反应时，P300波幅降低且P300潜伏期延长，而在AS+患者中，此类改变仅出现在视觉模式中。仅在听觉模式下且仅在ARC/AIDS患者中发现P2潜伏期有显著延迟。仅ARC/AIDS患者表现出反应时延迟，且仅在听觉模式下。P300结果表明，在HIV疾病的最早阶段，甚至在通过更传统的测量方法检测到认知缺陷之前，刺激评估和处理速度就发生了改变。
