印度-美国合作预防青少年艾滋病感染：在印度农村青年中开展基于家庭的艾滋病预防干预的可行性。
India-US collaboration to prevent adolescent HIV infection: the feasibility of a family-based HIV-prevention intervention for rural Indian youth.
机构信息
School of Social Work, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, India.
Columbia University School of Social Work, New York, NY, USA.
出版信息
J Int AIDS Soc. 2009 Nov 19;12:35. doi: 10.1186/1758-2652-12-35.
BACKGROUND
Despite the centrality of family in Indian society, relatively little is known about family-based communication concerning sexual behaviour and HIV/AIDS in rural Indian families. To date, very few family-based adolescent HIV-prevention interventions have been developed for rural Indian youth. This study conducted formative research with youth aged 14 to18 years and their parents in order to assess the feasibility of conducting a family-based HIV-prevention intervention for rural Indian adolescents.
METHODS
Eight focus groups were conducted (n = 46) with mothers, fathers, adolescent females and adolescent males (two focus groups were held for each of the four groups). All focus groups consisted of same-gender participants. Adolescents aged 14 to18 years old and their parents were recruited from a tribal community in rural Maharashtra, India. Focus group transcripts were content analyzed to identify themes related to family perceptions about HIV/AIDS and participation in a family-based intervention to reduce adolescent vulnerability to HIV infection.
RESULTS
Six primary thematic areas were identified: (1) family knowledge about HIV/AIDS; (2) family perceptions about adolescent vulnerability to HIV infection; (3) feasibility of a family-based programme to prevent adolescent HIV infection; (4) barriers to participation; (5) recruitment and retention strategies; and (6) preferred content for an adolescent HIV prevention intervention.
CONCLUSION
Despite suggestions that family-based approaches to preventing adolescent HIV infection may be culturally inappropriate, our results suggest that a family-based intervention to prevent adolescent HIV infection is feasible if it: (1) provides families with comprehensive HIV prevention strategies and knowledge; (2) addresses barriers to participation; (3) is adolescent friendly, flexible and convenient; and (4) is developmentally and culturally appropriate for rural Indian families.
背景
尽管家庭在印度社会中占据核心地位，但对于农村印国家庭中基于家庭的性行为和艾滋病毒/艾滋病沟通，人们知之甚少。迄今为止，针对农村印度青年，很少有基于家庭的青少年艾滋病毒预防干预措施被开发出来。本研究对 14 至 18 岁的青少年及其父母进行了形成性研究，以评估针对农村印度青少年开展基于家庭的艾滋病毒预防干预措施的可行性。
方法
对来自印度马哈拉施特拉邦农村部落社区的母亲、父亲、少女和青年男性（每组进行了两次焦点小组）进行了 8 次焦点小组讨论（n=46）。所有焦点小组均由同性别的参与者组成。招募了 14 至 18 岁的青少年及其父母参加研究。对焦点小组的记录进行了内容分析，以确定与家庭对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的看法以及参与基于家庭的干预措施以减少青少年感染艾滋病毒的脆弱性相关的主题。
结果
确定了六个主要主题领域：（1）家庭对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的了解；（2）家庭对青少年感染艾滋病毒的脆弱性的看法；（3）开展预防青少年艾滋病毒感染的基于家庭的方案的可行性；（4）参与障碍；（5）招募和保留策略；以及（6）青少年艾滋病毒预防干预的首选内容。
结论
尽管有建议认为，预防青少年感染艾滋病毒的基于家庭的方法可能不适合文化背景，但我们的研究结果表明，如果基于家庭的干预措施能够：（1）为家庭提供全面的艾滋病毒预防策略和知识；（2）解决参与障碍；（3）对青少年友好、灵活和方便；以及（4）针对农村印度家庭具有发展和文化适宜性，那么预防青少年感染艾滋病毒的基于家庭的干预措施是可行的。
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