Vaughan M A, Baines A D, Templeton D M
University of Toronto, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Canada.
Clin Chem. 1991 Feb;37(2):210-5.
A rapid survey of the elements in biological materials, covering most of the elements in the periodic table, is possible by using available software for semi-quantitative analysis (SEMI-QUANT) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The procedure takes 5 min after sample preparation and gives results with a precision (CV) of approximately 20%. At a 10-fold dilution, 13 elements can be consistently and reliably detected in serum and 15 elements in whole-blood samples. At present the most important limitation of this method is mass overlap by polyatomic species for some elements of interest (e.g., Cr, Mn, and V). However, for the set of elements that can be reliably determined at endogenous concentrations, including Li, B, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr, the rapid scanning capability may be useful. Although matrix effects limit the direct interpretation of the semi-quantitative output, reasonable estimates of concentration are attainable by using matrix-matched standards or by adding a multielement standard to an aliquot from one sample in the set. We also present an example of determination of 25 elements in saliva from a patient with extensive dental work: Components of many of his dental alloys were readily identified. The method may also prove useful for screening multiple toxic exposures to heavier elements, such as Pb, Tl, Cd, and Hg.
通过使用电感耦合等离子体质谱法进行半定量分析（SEMI-QUANT）的现有软件，可以快速检测生物材料中的元素，涵盖元素周期表中的大部分元素。样品制备后，该过程需要5分钟，并给出精度（CV）约为20%的结果。在10倍稀释的情况下，可以在血清中一致且可靠地检测到13种元素，在全血样品中检测到15种元素。目前，该方法最重要的局限性是对于某些感兴趣的元素（如铬、锰和钒）存在多原子物种的质量重叠。然而，对于在内源浓度下能够可靠测定的一组元素，包括锂、硼、镁、铁、铜、锌、铷和锶，快速扫描能力可能会很有用。尽管基质效应限制了对半定量输出的直接解释，但通过使用基质匹配标准或向一组样品中的一个样品的等分试样中添加多元素标准，可以获得合理的浓度估计值。我们还展示了一个对有大量牙科治疗的患者唾液中25种元素进行测定的例子：他的许多牙科合金成分很容易被识别出来。该方法对于筛查多种重金属元素（如铅、铊、镉和汞）的毒性暴露也可能很有用。
