Palmisano Stephen, Kim Juno
School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2009 Nov;71(8):1842-53. doi: 10.3758/APP.71.8.1842.
In this study, we examined the effects of different gaze types (stationary fixation, directed looking, or gaze shifting) and gaze eccentricities (central or peripheral) on the vection induced by jittering, oscillating, and purely radial optic flow. Contrary to proposals of eccentricity independence for vection (e.g., Post, 1988), we found that peripheral directed looking improved vection and peripheral stationary fixation impaired vection induced by purely radial flow (relative to central gaze). Adding simulated horizontal or vertical viewpoint oscillation to radial flow always improved vection, irrespective of whether instructions were to fixate, or look at, the center or periphery of the self-motion display. However, adding simulated high-frequency horizontal or vertical viewpoint jitter was found to increase vection only when central gaze was maintained. In a second experiment, we showed that alternating gaze between the center and periphery of the display also improved vection (relative to stable central gaze), with greater benefits observed for purely radial flow than for horizontally or vertically oscillating radial flow. These results suggest that retinal slip plays an important role in determining the time course and strength of vection. We conclude that how and where one looks in a self-motion display can significantly alter vection by changing the degree of retinal slip.
在本研究中，我们考察了不同注视类型（固定注视、定向注视或注视转移）以及注视离心率（中央或周边）对由抖动、振荡和纯径向光流所诱发的运动错觉的影响。与关于运动错觉离心率独立性的观点（例如，Post，1988）相反，我们发现周边定向注视增强了运动错觉，而周边固定注视则削弱了由纯径向光流诱发的运动错觉（相对于中央注视）。给径向光流添加模拟的水平或垂直视点振荡总能增强运动错觉，无论指示是注视自我运动显示的中心还是周边。然而，发现仅当保持中央注视时，添加模拟的高频水平或垂直视点抖动才会增强运动错觉。在第二个实验中，我们表明在显示的中心和周边之间交替注视也能增强运动错觉（相对于稳定的中央注视），对于纯径向光流观察到的益处大于水平或垂直振荡的径向光流。这些结果表明视网膜像移在确定运动错觉的时间进程和强度方面起着重要作用。我们得出结论，在自我运动显示中注视的方式和位置可通过改变视网膜像移的程度而显著改变运动错觉。
