Division of Respiratory and Allergy Medicine, Komaki Municipal Hospital, Komaki, Japan.
Ther Adv Respir Dis. 2009 Dec;3(6):301-7. doi: 10.1177/1753465809350888.
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is a rare disorder most often affecting young males which is generally self-limiting. Despite the benign prognosis with few complications and little morbidity, it frequently confuses clinicians in primary settings, who may have difficulty differentiating SPM from other serious organ ruptures, especially oesophageal rupture (the so-called Boerhaave syndrome), which may lead to mediastinitis and may be fatal, even with appropriate interventions. An overview of adult SPM is provided, reviewing 17 studies (414 patients), including our clinical experience, and finally an algorithm for diagnosis and management of SPM is proposed, based on the characteristics of SPM.
自发性纵隔气肿（SPM）是一种罕见的疾病，最常发生于年轻男性，通常具有自限性。尽管预后良好，并发症少，发病率低，但它常常使初级医疗机构的临床医生感到困惑，他们可能难以将 SPM 与其他严重的器官破裂（如食管破裂，即所谓的 Boerhaave 综合征）区分开来，而后者可能导致纵隔炎，甚至可能致命，即使采取了适当的干预措施。本文综述了成人 SPM 的研究概况，共纳入了 17 项研究（414 例患者），包括我们的临床经验，并根据 SPM 的特点提出了 SPM 的诊断和管理算法。
