Sports and Exercise Science Research Group, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.
J Strength Cond Res. 2010 Jan;24(1):43-7. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181c63c64.
The ability to develop high levels of muscular power is considered an essential component of success in many sporting activities; however, the optimal load for the development of peak power during training remains controversial. Our aim in the present study was to determine the optimal load required to observe peak power output during the ballistic bench throw (BBT) and squat jump (SJ) in professional rugby players. Forty-seven, professional, male, rugby players of (mean +/- SD) mass 101.3 +/- 12.8 kg and height 1.82 +/- 0.08 m volunteered and gave informed consent for this study, which was approved by a university ethics committee. Players performed BBT at loads of 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60% of their predetermined 1 repetition maximum (1RM) and SJ at loads of 0, (body mass only), 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60% of their predetermined 1RM in a randomized and balanced order. Power output (PO) was determined by measurement of barbell displacement with subsequent calculation of velocity, force, and power. Relative load had a significant effect on PO for both the BBT (effect size eta(2): 0.297, p < 0.001) and SJ (Effect Size eta(2): 0.709, p < 0.001). Peak power output was produced when the athletes worked against an external load equal to 30% 1RM for the upper body and 0% 1RM for the lower body.
发展高水平肌肉力量的能力被认为是许多体育活动成功的关键因素；然而，在训练中发展最大功率的最佳负荷仍存在争议。本研究的目的是确定在专业橄榄球运动员中进行弹弓式卧推（BBT）和深蹲跳（SJ）时观察最大功率输出所需的最佳负荷。47 名专业男性橄榄球运动员（平均 +/- SD）体重 101.3 +/- 12.8 公斤，身高 1.82 +/- 0.08 米，自愿参加并对此项研究表示知情同意，该研究得到了大学伦理委员会的批准。运动员以 20%、30%、40%、50%和 60%的预定 1 次最大重复次数（1RM）进行 BBT，以 0、（仅体重）、20%、30%、40%、50%和 60%的预定 1RM 进行 SJ，以随机和平衡的顺序进行。通过测量杠铃位移并随后计算速度、力和功率来确定功率输出（PO）。相对负荷对 BBT（效应大小 eta(2)：0.297，p < 0.001）和 SJ（效应大小 eta(2)：0.709，p < 0.001）的 PO 均有显著影响。当运动员对上半身的外部负荷为 1RM 的 30%和下半身的 0% 1RM 时，产生最大功率输出。
