Clinical Cooperation Group Inflammatory Lung Diseases, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Gauting, Germany.
Rhinology. 2009 Dec;47(4):405-12. doi: 10.4193/Rhin08.180.
Although there is a high incidence of nasal disorders including chronic sinusitis, there is limited success in the topical drug delivery to the nose and the paranasal sinuses. This is caused by the nose being an efficient filter for inhaled aerosol particles and the paranasal sinuses being virtually non-ventilated.
The objective of this study was to visualize the efficiency of sinus ventilation in healthy volunteers using dynamic 81mKr-gas imaging in combination with pulsating airflows. Furthermore, the deposition and retention of 99mTc-DTPA aerosol particles was assessed.
The ventilation of the maxillary and frontal sinuses could be visualized by gamma camera imaging during pulsating airflow. In addition, using pulsating airflow, between 3% and 5% of nasally deposited aerosols penetrated into the paranasal sinuses while during application without pulsation aerosol deposition was below 1%. Furthermore pulsation increased aerosol deposition in the nasal airways by a factor of three.
The study demonstrates the high efficiency of a pulsating airflow in paranasal sinus ventilation and aerosolized drug delivery. This proves that topical drug delivery to the paranasal sinuses in relevant quantities is possible and indicates further clinical studies are necessary.
尽管鼻腔疾病（包括慢性鼻窦炎）的发病率很高，但将局部药物递送至鼻腔和副鼻窦的成功率有限。这是由于鼻腔是吸入气溶胶颗粒的有效过滤器，而副鼻窦实际上是无法通风的。
本研究的目的是使用动态 81mKr 气体成像结合脉动气流来可视化健康志愿者鼻窦通气的效率。此外，还评估了 99mTc-DTPA 气溶胶颗粒的沉积和保留。
在脉动气流期间，可以通过伽马相机成像可视化上颌窦和额窦的通气。此外，使用脉动气流时，有 3%至 5%的鼻腔沉积气溶胶穿透至副鼻窦，而在没有脉动的情况下，气溶胶沉积低于 1%。此外，脉动使气溶胶在鼻腔气道中的沉积增加了三倍。
该研究证明了脉动气流在副鼻窦通气和雾化药物输送方面的高效性。这证明了可以将局部药物递送至副鼻窦的相关量，并且表明需要进一步的临床研究。
