Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
Protoplasma. 2010 Apr;240(1-4):99-107. doi: 10.1007/s00709-009-0088-x. Epub 2009 Nov 25.
Recent studies of aquatic and land plants show that similar phenomena determine intracellular transport of organelles and vesicles. This suggests that aspects of cell signaling involved in development and response to external stimuli are conserved across species. The movement of molecular motors along cytoskeletal filaments directly or indirectly entrains the fluid cytosol, driving cyclosis (i.e., cytoplasmic streaming) and affecting gradients of molecular species within the cell, with potentially important metabolic implications as a driving force for cell expansion. Research has shown that myosin XI functions in organelle movement driving cytoplasmic streaming in aquatic and land plants. Despite the conserved cytoskeletal machinery propelling organelle movement among aquatic and land plants, the velocities of cyclosis in plant cells varies according to cell types, developmental stage of the cell, and plant species. Here, we synthesize recent insights into cytoplasmic streaming, molecular gradients, cytoskeletal and membrane dynamics, and expand current cellular models to identify important gaps in current research.
最近对水生植物和陆生植物的研究表明，类似的现象决定了细胞器和囊泡的细胞内运输。这表明，参与发育和对外界刺激反应的细胞信号转导方面在物种间是保守的。分子马达沿着细胞骨架丝的运动直接或间接带动细胞质溶胶流动，驱动胞质环流（即细胞质流动）并影响细胞内分子物质的浓度梯度，作为细胞扩张的驱动力，可能具有重要的代谢意义。研究表明，肌球蛋白 XI 在水生植物和陆生植物的细胞器运动中发挥作用，驱动细胞质流动。尽管推动水生植物和陆生植物细胞器运动的细胞骨架机制是保守的，但植物细胞的胞质环流速度根据细胞类型、细胞发育阶段和植物种类而有所不同。在这里，我们综合了最近对细胞质流动、分子梯度、细胞骨架和膜动力学的研究进展，并扩展了当前的细胞模型，以确定当前研究中的重要空白。
