Department of Society, Human Development, and Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
J Trauma Stress. 2009 Dec;22(6):566-74. doi: 10.1002/jts.20478.
In the general population, women's lifetime risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is twice that of men's. However, evidence is contradictory as to whether this sex difference is present among child abuse/neglect victims. The authors examined sex differences in PTSD among a sample of 674 individuals with documented child abuse/neglect histories assessed for PTSD in adulthood. Across all types of abuse/neglect, women were more than twice as likely to develop PTSD as men. The sex difference was greatest among sexual abuse victims. Female victims' greater revictimization explained a substantial proportion (39%) of the sex differences in PTSD risk. Future research should identify mechanisms that make female victims particularly vulnerable to revictimization and the development of PTSD.
在普通人群中，女性一生中患创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的风险是男性的两倍。然而，关于这种性别差异是否存在于虐待/忽视儿童的受害者中，证据是相互矛盾的。作者在一个有记录的虐待/忽视儿童史的样本中检查了 PTSD 中的性别差异，该样本中有 674 人在成年后评估了 PTSD。在所有类型的虐待/忽视中，女性患 PTSD 的可能性是男性的两倍多。性虐待受害者中的性别差异最大。女性受害者再次受害的比例（39%）解释了 PTSD 风险的性别差异的很大一部分。未来的研究应该确定使女性受害者特别容易受到再次受害和 PTSD 发展影响的机制。
