University of Oklahoma, Department of Educational Psychology, 820 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, OK 73019, USA.
J Psychol. 2009 Oct;143(5):449-63. doi: 10.3200/JRL.143.5.449-463.
The author addresses the question of whether cultural and economic conservatism differ among American citizens in their relation to measures of epistemic beliefs and motives, dogmatism, death-related anxiety, and the tendency to exhibit dogmatic aggression against those who hold beliefs and values that diverge from one's own. Data from this study suggest that these types of conservative attitudes exhibit different correlational patterns with the aforementioned measures. Research participants who held more culturally conservative attitudes were more likely to score higher on measures of the belief that knowledge is certain, dogmatism, need to evaluate, and fear of death. They also scored lower on need for cognition than did their less conservative counterparts. Moreover, participants who scored higher on cultural conservatism were more likely to exhibit dogmatic aggression. Economic conservatism was largely unrelated to measures of epistemic beliefs and motives, fear of death, dogmatism, and aggressiveness. Ancillary regression analyses revealed that belief that knowledge is certain and dogmatism were the strongest predictors of cultural conservatism. Cultural conservatism, fear of death, and need for structure were significant predictors of dogmatic aggression.
作者探讨了美国公民在与认识论信念和动机、教条主义、死亡相关焦虑以及表现出对与自己信仰和价值观不同的人进行教条式攻击的倾向有关的措施方面，文化和经济保守主义是否存在差异。本研究的数据表明，这些类型的保守态度与上述措施存在不同的相关模式。持有更文化保守态度的研究参与者在知识是确定的信念、教条主义、需要评价和对死亡的恐惧等方面的得分更高。与不太保守的参与者相比，他们的认知需求得分也更低。此外，文化保守主义得分较高的参与者更有可能表现出教条式攻击。经济保守主义与认识论信念和动机、对死亡的恐惧、教条主义和攻击性等方面的测量关系不大。辅助回归分析显示，知识确定性信念和教条主义是文化保守主义的最强预测因素。文化保守主义、对死亡的恐惧和对结构的需求是教条式攻击的重要预测因素。
