Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, PL 40-007 Katowice, Poland.
Sci Total Environ. 2010 Feb 1;408(5):1111-9. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.11.013. Epub 2009 Nov 27.
The purpose of this study was to explore a possible relationship between the soil availability of metals and their concentrations in various parts of Philadelphuscoronarius plants. Moreover, the possible impact of an aphid infestation on the contamination and antioxidant response of plants from the urban environment of Kraków and the reference rural area of Zagaje Stradowskie (southern Poland) was analyzed. The contents of the glutathione, proline, non-protein -SH groups, antioxidants, and phosphorous and the levels of guaiacol peroxidase and catalase activity in leaves and shoots either infested or not by the aphid Aphis fabae Scop., were measured. The potential bioavailability of metals (Cd; Cu; Ni; Pb; Zn) in the soil and their concentrations in P. coronarius plants originating from both sites were compared. The antioxidant responses were generally elevated in the plants in the polluted area. Such reactions were additionally changed by aphid infestation. Generally, the concentrations of metals in the HNO(3) and CaCl(2) extractants of the soils from two layers at the 0-20 and 20-40 cm depths from the polluted area were higher than in those from the reference area. Such differences were found for nickel and lead (in all examined extractants), zinc (in soil extractants from the layer at 20-40 cm) and cadmium (in HNO(3) extractants). Significant positive relationships between the lead concentrations in the soil and in the plants were found. In the parts of plants from the polluted area, higher concentrations of Pb and Zn (leaves and shoots) and Cd (shoots) were recorded. The shoots and leaves of plants infested with aphids had higher concentrations of Zn but lower Pb. Moreover, their leaves had higher contaminations of Cu and Ni. In conclusion, aphids affected not only the antioxidant response of the plants but also their contamination with metals, especially contamination of the leaves.
本研究旨在探讨金属在土壤中有效性与其在腊梅花各部位浓度之间可能存在的关系。此外，还分析了蚜虫侵袭对来自克拉科夫市区和 Zagaje Stradowskie（波兰南部）农村地区的腊梅花抗氧化响应和污染状况的可能影响。测量了叶片和嫩枝中的谷胱甘肽、脯氨酸、非蛋白 -SH 基团、抗氧化剂、磷、愈创木酚过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶的活性，以及受或不受菜蚜 Aphis fabae Scop. 侵袭的叶片和嫩枝中的这些物质的含量。比较了两地来源的腊梅花中金属（Cd；Cu；Ni；Pb；Zn）的潜在生物有效性及其在植株中的浓度。受污染地区的植物通常会增强抗氧化响应。蚜虫侵袭会进一步改变这种反应。一般来说，受污染地区的土壤在 0-20 和 20-40 厘米两层中 HNO3 和 CaCl2 提取剂中的金属浓度均高于对照地区。在所有检查的提取剂中，镍和铅（在所有检查的提取剂中）、锌（在 20-40 厘米土层的土壤提取剂中）和镉（在 HNO3 提取剂中）都有这种差异。还发现土壤和植物中铅浓度之间存在显著正相关。受污染地区植物的各部位中，Pb 和 Zn（叶片和嫩枝）和 Cd（嫩枝）的浓度较高。受蚜虫侵袭的植物嫩枝和叶片中 Zn 浓度较高，但 Pb 浓度较低。此外，它们的叶片 Cu 和 Ni 污染也更高。总之，蚜虫不仅影响植物的抗氧化响应，还影响其金属污染，尤其是叶片污染。
