Department of Ecology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, PL 40-007 Katowice, Poland.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2013 Jul;20(7):4920-32. doi: 10.1007/s11356-012-1461-4. Epub 2013 Jan 15.
The purpose of this study was to explore a possible relationship between the availability of metals in soil (Cd, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn) and their concentrations in leaves of Vaccinium myrtillus L. as a species which has been reported to be a successful colonist of acid-and-heavy metal-contaminated soil. Analysis also concerned the antioxidant response of plants from three heavily polluted (immediate vicinity of: zinc smelter, iron smelter and power plant) and three relatively clean sites (nature reserve, ecological site and unprotected natural forest community) in southern Poland. The contents of glutathione, non-protein thiols, protein, proline and activity of guaiacol peroxidase in leaves of bilberry were measured. Generally, the concentrations of metals in the HNO3 and CaCl2 extracants of the soil from the polluted sites were higher. Moreover, the antioxidant responses were also elevated in bilberries in the polluted sites. Significant positive relationships between Cd, Pb and Zn concentrations in soil and in the plants were found. In the leaves of V. myrtillus from the polluted sites, higher concentrations of Cd, Pb and Zn were noted (In Miasteczko Śląskie respectively 6.26, 157.09 and 207.17 mg kg(-1) d.w.). We found a positive correlation between the increase in the NPTs and protein contents as well as the Cd, Pb and Zn concentrations in V. myrtillus. Cd, Pb and Zn also decreased guaiacol peroxidase activity. However, the activity of this enzyme increased under Fe. A decreasing trend in glutathione contents was observed with increasing iron and manganese concentrations in bilberry leaves. Parameters such as protein, non-protein -SH groups and changes in GPX activity seem to be universal, sensitive and correlated well with heavy metal stress.
本研究旨在探讨土壤中金属（Cd、Fe、Mn、Pb 和 Zn）的含量与越橘（Vaccinium myrtillus L.）叶片中金属浓度之间的可能关系。该研究还关注了来自波兰南部三个污染严重地区（锌冶炼厂、钢铁冶炼厂和发电厂附近，生态站点和未受保护的天然森林群落）和三个相对清洁地区（自然保护区、生态站点和未受保护的天然森林群落）的植物抗氧化反应。测量了越橘叶片中的谷胱甘肽、非蛋白巯基、蛋白质、脯氨酸和愈创木酚过氧化物酶的活性。一般来说，污染地区土壤的 HNO3 和 CaCl2 提取液中金属浓度较高。此外，受污染地区越橘的抗氧化反应也增强了。在土壤和植物中发现 Cd、Pb 和 Zn 浓度之间存在显著正相关关系。在受污染地区越橘的叶片中，Cd、Pb 和 Zn 的浓度更高（在 Miasteczko Śląskie 分别为 6.26、157.09 和 207.17mg·kg-1·d.w.）。我们发现，NPTs 和蛋白质含量以及 V. myrtillus 中的 Cd、Pb 和 Zn 浓度的增加之间存在正相关关系。Cd、Pb 和 Zn 还降低了愈创木酚过氧化物酶的活性。然而，在 Fe 存在下，这种酶的活性增加。在越橘叶片中，随着铁和锰浓度的增加，谷胱甘肽含量呈下降趋势。蛋白质、非蛋白 -SH 基团和 GPX 活性等参数似乎是普遍的、敏感的，与重金属胁迫密切相关。
