瑞士肥胖症患病率被低估：两种自我报告修正方法的比较。

Underestimation of obesity prevalence in Switzerland: comparison of two methods for correction of self-report.

机构信息

Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

出版信息

Swiss Med Wkly. 2009 Dec 26;139(51-52):752-6. doi: 10.4414/smw.2009.12863.

DOI:10.4414/smw.2009.12863

PMID:19950041

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Studies using self-report may underestimate obesity prevalence because participants tend to overestimate their height, underestimate their weight and thus seriously underestimate their Body Mass Index (BMI). In order to find ways to adjust for this misestimation, we tested two correction methods for self-report by comparing the derived obesity prevalence rates with those based on measured height and weight.

METHODS

We used individual data from six studies based on self-reported BMI (1980-2007, n = 46589) and from five studies based on measured BMI (1977-2004, n = 20130). All studies were population-based samples and carried out in Switzerland. We limited to men and women aged 35 to 74 years. Obesity was defined as BMI > or =30 kg/m2. For correction method one, we used a lower BMI cutoff of 29.2 kg/m2 (for both sexes) for the definition of obesity; for method two, we adjusted weight and height (respecting age and sex) using equations that were derived from another population. Results were age-standardised. Differences were measured with a logistic regression model considering random effects.

RESULTS

Adjustment of height and weight (method two) substantially approximated the BMI distribution based on unadjusted self-report to the BMI distribution based on measurement. In 2002/2003, obesity prevalence obtained with method two (men and women respectively: 16.3% and 13.0%) tended to be more similar to measured obesity prevalence (16.4% and 13.9%) than obesity prevalence obtained with method one (13.8% and 11.0%).

CONCLUSION

Equation adjustment of self-reported weight and height provides an approximation of the real (measured) BMI distribution by sex and age and has advantages over the use of a universal lower cutoff level to adjust for self-report. However, to appropriately adjust for self-report, a Swiss-specific equation should be developed based on measured and self-reported heights and weights of the same individuals.

摘要

背景/目的：使用自我报告的研究可能会低估肥胖的流行率，因为参与者往往会高估自己的身高，低估自己的体重，从而严重低估自己的体重指数（BMI）。为了找到纠正这种错误估计的方法，我们通过比较基于自我报告的 BMI 和基于测量的身高和体重得出的肥胖流行率，测试了两种自我报告的校正方法。

方法

我们使用了基于自我报告 BMI 的六项研究（1980-2007 年，n=46589）和基于测量 BMI 的五项研究（1977-2004 年，n=20130）的个体数据。所有研究均为基于人群的样本，在瑞士进行。我们将研究对象限定为年龄在 35 至 74 岁的男性和女性。肥胖定义为 BMI≥30kg/m2。对于校正方法一，我们将肥胖的 BMI 截断值降低到 29.2kg/m2（男女相同）；对于方法二，我们使用从另一人群得出的方程来调整体重和身高（考虑到年龄和性别）。结果进行了年龄标准化。差异通过考虑随机效应的逻辑回归模型进行测量。

结果

调整身高和体重（方法二）可以极大地近似基于未调整的自我报告的 BMI 分布与基于测量的 BMI 分布。在 2002/2003 年，方法二得出的肥胖流行率（男性和女性分别为 16.3%和 13.0%）更接近基于测量的肥胖流行率（男性和女性分别为 16.4%和 13.9%），而不是方法一得出的肥胖流行率（男性和女性分别为 13.8%和 11.0%）。