Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, N-0310 Oslo, Norway.
Toxicon. 2010 Dec 15;56(7):1181-5. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.11.021. Epub 2009 Nov 29.
Shiga toxin belongs to the group of bacterial and plant toxins that act on cells by binding to cell surface receptors via a binding-moiety, then the toxins are endocytosed and transported retrogradely to the Golgi apparatus and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) before an enzymatically active moiety enters the cytosol and exerts the toxic effect. In the case of Shiga toxin, similarly to plant toxins such as ricin and viscumin, the toxin removes one adenine from the 28S RNA of the 60S subunit of the ribosome and thereby inhibits protein synthesis. This ribotoxic effect is in some cells followed by apoptosis. In this article we focus on new discoveries concerning endocytosis and retrograde transport of Shiga toxin to the Golgi, the ER and the cytosol.
志贺毒素属于细菌和植物毒素的一类，通过结合部分与细胞表面受体结合，作用于细胞，然后毒素被内吞并逆行运输到高尔基体和内质网，然后酶活性部分进入细胞质，发挥毒性作用。在志贺毒素的情况下，与蓖麻毒素和相思豆毒素等植物毒素类似，毒素从核糖体 60S 亚基的 28S RNA 中去除一个腺嘌呤，从而抑制蛋白质合成。这种核糖体毒性作用在一些细胞中随后是细胞凋亡。本文重点介绍关于志贺毒素内吞作用和逆行运输到高尔基体、内质网和细胞质的新发现。
