Centre for Integrated Healthcare Research, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh EH21 6UU, UK.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2009 Dec;52(6):1401-16. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2009/08-0142).
Understanding the long-term outcomes of developmental language difficulties is key to knowing what significance to attach to them. To date, most prognostic studies have tended to be clinical rather than population-based, which necessarily affects the interpretation. This study sought to address this issue using data from a U.K. birth cohort of 17,196 children, following them from school entry to adulthood, examining literacy, mental health, and employment at 34 years of age. The study compared groups with specific language impairment (SLI), nonspecific language impairment (N-SLI), and typically developing language (TL).
Secondary data analysis of the imputed 5-year and 34-year data was carried using multivariate logistic regressions.
The results show strong associations for demographic and biological risk for both impairment groups. The associations are consistent for the N-SLI group but rather more mixed for the SLI group.
The data indicate that both SLI and N-SLI represent significant risk factors for all the outcomes identified. There is a strong case for the identification of these children and the development of appropriate interventions. The results are discussed in terms of the measures used and the implications for practice.
了解发育性语言障碍的长期预后对于确定其重要性至关重要。迄今为止，大多数预后研究往往是基于临床的，而不是基于人群的，这必然会影响解释。本研究使用来自英国 17196 名儿童的出生队列数据，从入学到成年对他们进行了跟踪研究，在 34 岁时检查了他们的读写能力、心理健康和就业情况，旨在解决这一问题。该研究比较了特定语言障碍（SLI）、非特定语言障碍（N-SLI）和语言正常发展（TL）三组儿童。
使用多变量逻辑回归对已推断的 5 岁和 34 岁数据进行二次数据分析。
研究结果显示，两组受损儿童的人口统计学和生物学风险均存在很强的关联。N-SLI 组的关联是一致的，但 SLI 组的关联则较为复杂。
数据表明，SLI 和 N-SLI 均代表所有确定的结局的显著风险因素。强烈需要识别这些儿童并制定相应的干预措施。研究结果根据所使用的措施和对实践的影响进行了讨论。
