瑞典肉鸡生产中万古霉素耐药肠球菌（VRE）对环境的污染。
Environmental contamination by vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) in Swedish broiler production.
机构信息
National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.
出版信息
Acta Vet Scand. 2009 Dec 2;51(1):49. doi: 10.1186/1751-0147-51-49.
BACKGROUND
Vancomycin resistant enterococci are a frequent cause of nosocomial infections and their presence among farm animals is unwanted. Using media supplemented with vancomycin an increase in the proportion of samples from Swedish broilers positive for vancomycin resistant enterococci has been detected. The situation at farm level is largely unknown. The aims of this study were to obtain baseline knowledge about environmental contamination with vancomycin resistant enterococci in Swedish broiler production and the association between environmental contamination and colonisation of birds.
METHODS
Environmental samples were taken before, during and after a batch of broilers at three farms. Samples were cultured both qualitatively and semi-quantitatively for vancomycin resistant enterococci. In addition, caecal content from birds in the batch following at each farm was cultured qualitatively for vancomycin resistant enterococci.
RESULTS
The number of samples positive for vancomycin resistant enterococci varied among the farms. Also the amount of vancomycin resistant enterococci in the positive samples and the proportion of caecal samples containing vancomycin resistant enterococci varied among the farms. Still, the temporal changes in environmental contamination followed a similar pattern in all farms.
CONCLUSION
Vancomycin resistant enterococci persist in the compartments even after cleaning and the temporal changes in environmental contamination were similar among farms. There were however differences among farms regarding both degree of contamination and proportion of birds colonized with vancomycin resistant enterococci. The proportion of colonized birds and the amount of vancomycin resistant enterococci in the compartments seems to be associated. If the factor(s) causing the differences among farms could be identified, it might be possible to reduce both the risk for colonisation by vancomycin resistant enterococci of the subsequent flock and the risk for spread of vancomycin resistant enterococci via the food chain to humans.
背景
耐万古霉素肠球菌是医院感染的常见原因，其在农场动物中的存在是不受欢迎的。在添加万古霉素的培养基中使用时，已检测到瑞典肉鸡中万古霉素耐药肠球菌阳性样本的比例增加。农场层面的情况在很大程度上是未知的。本研究的目的是获得关于瑞典肉鸡生产中万古霉素耐药肠球菌环境污染的基线知识，以及环境污染与鸟类定植之间的关系。
方法
在三个农场的一批肉鸡中，在批次开始前、期间和结束后采集环境样本。对环境样本进行定性和半定量培养以检测万古霉素耐药肠球菌。此外，对每个农场后续批次的鸟类盲肠内容物进行定性培养以检测万古霉素耐药肠球菌。
结果
耐万古霉素肠球菌阳性样本的数量在各个农场之间有所不同。阳性样本中万古霉素耐药肠球菌的数量以及盲肠样本中含有万古霉素耐药肠球菌的比例在各个农场之间也有所不同。然而，所有农场的环境污染的时间变化都遵循相似的模式。
结论
即使在清洁后，耐万古霉素肠球菌仍在各个隔间中持续存在，并且各个农场之间的环境污染时间变化模式相似。然而，各个农场在污染程度和耐万古霉素肠球菌定植的鸟类比例方面存在差异。定植鸟类的比例和隔间中耐万古霉素肠球菌的数量似乎存在关联。如果能够确定导致各个农场之间差异的因素，可能会降低后续批次的肠球菌定植风险，以及通过食物链传播至人类的万古霉素耐药肠球菌的风险。
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