Pennington Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA.
Curr Opin Lipidol. 2010 Feb;21(1):51-7. doi: 10.1097/MOL.0b013e3283346ca2.
The purpose of the review is to suggest that fructose, a component of both sucrose (common sugar) and high fructose corn syrup, should be of concern to both healthcare providers and the public.
Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages has increased steadily over the past century and with this increase has come more and more reports associating their use with the risk of overweight, diabetes and cardiometabolic disease. In a meta-analysis of the relationship between soft drink consumption and cardiometabolic risk, there was a 24% overall increased risk comparing the top and bottom quantiles of consumption. Several factors might account for this increased risk, including increased carbohydrate load and increased amounts of dietary fructose. Fructose acutely increases thermogenesis, triglycerides and lipogenesis as well as blood pressure, but has a smaller effect on leptin and insulin release than comparable amounts of glucose. In controlled feeding studies, changes in body weight, fat storage and triglycerides are observed as well as an increase in inflammatory markers.
The present review concludes on the basis of the data assembled here that in the amounts currently consumed, fructose is hazardous to the cardiometabolic health of many children, adolescents and adults.
综述的目的是表明果糖（蔗糖和高果糖玉米糖浆的组成部分）不仅应该引起医疗保健提供者的关注，也应该引起公众的关注。
在过去的一个世纪里，含糖饮料的消费稳步增加，随着这种消费的增加，越来越多的报告将其使用与超重、糖尿病和心血管代谢疾病的风险联系起来。在一项关于软饮料消费与心血管代谢风险之间关系的荟萃分析中，比较消费的最高和最低分位数，总体风险增加了 24%。有几个因素可能导致这种风险增加，包括碳水化合物负荷增加和饮食中果糖含量增加。果糖会急性增加产热、甘油三酯和脂肪生成以及血压，但与等量的葡萄糖相比，对瘦素和胰岛素释放的影响较小。在对照喂养研究中，观察到体重、脂肪储存和甘油三酯的变化，以及炎症标志物的增加。
本综述的结论是，基于这里收集的数据，在目前的消费数量下，果糖对许多儿童、青少年和成年人的心血管代谢健康是有害的。
