Janols Lars-Olof, Liliemark Jan, Klintberg Karin, von Knorring Anne-Liis
Department of Ne uroscience, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden.
Nord J Psychiatry. 2009 Nov;63(6):508-16. doi: 10.3109/08039480903154534.
An increased prescription of central stimulants (CS) for treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents has been reported in Sweden.
To follow-up the treatment with CS as concerns total as well as regional differences in prescription rate. Efficacy and side-effects reported and gender differences in prescription over time also have been summarized.
Data from the Swedish Medical Products Agency (MPA) of individual licences, annual reports about patients on individual or clinic licences from the MPA and sales statistics from the National Pharmacy (Apoteket AB) have been used.
The number of new licences and prescriptions increased dramatically from 1992 to 2007 and a change of preparations was seen. Great differences (fivefold) between the 21 counties of Sweden were noticed. In the follow-up reports to the MPA, a good/moderate treatment effect was reported in 92% and adverse effects were reported in 4% leading to discontinuation of medication in 46% of them. Abuse/misuse of the preparation was suspected in 0.2% of the reports. A tendency of a reduction of the proportion of boys to girls treated through individual licences has been seen.
The study, although observational, supports good efficacy, limited adverse effects and a low degree of misuse in clinical use of CS for children and adolescents with ADHD.
据报道，瑞典用于治疗儿童和青少年注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的中枢兴奋剂（CS）处方量有所增加。
对CS治疗进行随访，关注处方率的总体及地区差异。总结所报告的疗效和副作用以及随时间推移处方中的性别差异。
使用了瑞典医疗产品局（MPA）的个人许可证数据、MPA关于个人或诊所许可证患者的年度报告以及国家药房（Apoteket AB）的销售统计数据。
1992年至2007年期间，新许可证和处方数量急剧增加，并且观察到制剂的变化。瑞典21个县之间存在巨大差异（五倍）。在提交给MPA的随访报告中，92%的报告称治疗效果良好/中等，4%的报告称有不良反应，其中46%的不良反应导致停药。0.2%的报告怀疑存在制剂滥用/误用情况。通过个人许可证接受治疗的男孩与女孩比例有下降趋势。
该研究虽然是观察性的，但支持CS在临床用于患有ADHD的儿童和青少年时疗效良好、不良反应有限且滥用程度较低。
