Sara Koe PSP Research Centre, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2010 Feb;20(1):7-27. doi: 10.1016/j.nic.2009.10.001.
The substantia nigra and subthalamic nucleus are two key structures in the midbrain that are very important in movement disorders, particularly those associated with parkinsonism. Using conventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, the anatomic description of both these structures can be challenging. This article describes the importance of understanding the underlying anatomy and some of the changes associated with pathology in these structures. Advances in MR imaging are discussed, including high-field MR imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, inversion-recovery imaging, and susceptibility-weighted imaging, with particular reference to the substantia nigra and subthalamic nucleus. Understanding of MR imaging features of these nuclei needs to be firmly based on underlying knowledge of anatomy and pathology from postmortem studies, and more work is needed in this field.
黑质和丘脑底核是中脑中的两个关键结构，在运动障碍中非常重要，特别是与帕金森病相关的运动障碍。使用常规磁共振（MR）成像，对这两个结构的解剖描述具有一定挑战性。本文描述了理解这些结构的基础解剖结构和与病理学相关的一些变化的重要性。讨论了 MR 成像的进展，包括高磁场 MR 成像、扩散张量成像、反转恢复成像和磁化率加权成像，并特别参考了黑质和丘脑底核。对这些核的 MR 成像特征的理解需要牢固地基于尸检研究的解剖学和病理学基础知识，并且该领域需要开展更多的工作。
