Division of Abdominal Imaging and Intervention, Massachusetts General Hospital, White 270, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Radiographics. 2009 Oct;29(6):1725-48. doi: 10.1148/rg.296095515.
Hepatobiliary-specific contrast agents are one of several classes of contrast agents available for magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the liver. These agents are taken up by functioning hepatocytes and excreted in the bile, and their paramagnetic properties cause shortening of the longitudinal relaxation time (T1) of the liver and biliary tree. The three contrast agents that have been developed are mangafodipir trisodium (Mn-DPDP), gadobenate dimeglumine (Gd-BOPTA), and gadoxetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA). These three MR contrast agents vary in mode of administration and dose, mechanism of cellular uptake, degree of excretion through the biliary pathway, and imaging characteristics. In the liver, hepatobiliary-specific agents can be used to improve lesion detection, to characterize lesions as hepatocellular or nonhepatocellular, and to specifically characterize some hepatocellular lesions, notably focal nodular hyperplasia. Biliary excretion of these agents can be used to evaluate the anatomic structure and function of the biliary tree. In the future, hepatobiliary-specific contrast agents may have wider applications, such as grading of cirrhosis and quantification of liver function.
肝胆特异性对比剂是磁共振成像（MRI）肝脏检查中可用的几类对比剂之一。这些造影剂被有功能的肝细胞摄取，并从胆汁中排泄，其顺磁性可导致肝脏和胆道系统的纵向弛豫时间（T1）缩短。目前开发的三种对比剂为锰福地匹三钠（Mn-DPDP）、钆贝葡胺（Gd-BOPTA）和钆塞酸二钠（Gd-EOB-DTPA）。这三种磁共振对比剂在给药途径和剂量、细胞摄取机制、经胆道排泄程度以及影像学特征方面有所不同。在肝脏中，肝胆特异性对比剂可用于提高病变的检出率，对病变进行肝细胞或非肝细胞的定性，以及对某些肝细胞病变（特别是局灶性结节增生）进行特异性定性。这些造影剂的胆汁排泄可用于评估胆道系统的解剖结构和功能。在未来，肝胆特异性对比剂可能会有更广泛的应用，例如肝硬化分级和肝功能定量。
