Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, Centre for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, School of Pharmacy, University of London, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
Phytother Res. 2010 Jul;24(7):1095-8. doi: 10.1002/ptr.3072.
In the continuation of our search for natural sources for antiprotozoal and antitubercular molecules, we have screened the crude extracts of four green marine algae (Cladophora rupestris, Codium fragile ssp. tomentosoides, Ulva intestinalis and Ulva lactuca) collected from the Dorset area of England. Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania donovani and Mycobacterium tuberculosis were used as test organisms in the in vitro assays. The selective toxicity of the extracts was also determined toward mammalian skeletal myoblast (L6) cells. The crude seaweed extracts had no activity against M. tuberculosis, but showed antiprotozoal activity against at least two protozoan species. All algal extracts were active against T. brucei rhodesiense, with C. rupestris being the most potent one (IC(50) value 3.7 microg/ml), whilst only C. rupestris and U. lactuca had moderate trypanocidal activity against T. cruzi (IC(50) values 80.8 and 34.9 microg/ml). Again, all four extracts showed leishmanicidal activity with IC(50) values ranging between 12.0 and 20.2 microg/ml. None of the extracts showed cytotoxicity toward L6 cells, indicating that their antiprotozoal activity is specific. This is the first study reporting antiprotozoal and antimycobacterial activity of British marine algae.
在我们继续寻找天然的抗原生动物和抗结核分子的过程中，我们筛选了从英国多塞特地区采集的四种绿海藻（石莼、脆弱刚毛藻亚种、肠浒苔和绿浒苔）的粗提取物。采用非洲锥虫（布氏锥虫）、克氏锥虫、杜氏利什曼原虫和结核分枝杆菌作为体外试验的测试生物。提取物的选择性毒性也针对哺乳动物骨骼肌成肌细胞（L6）进行了测定。粗海藻提取物对结核分枝杆菌没有活性，但对至少两种原生动物物种具有抗原生动物活性。所有藻类提取物均对布氏锥虫有活性，石莼的活性最强（IC50 值为 3.7μg/ml），而只有石莼和绿浒苔对克氏锥虫有中等的杀锥虫活性（IC50 值分别为 80.8 和 34.9μg/ml）。同样，所有四种提取物对利什曼原虫均具有杀利什曼原虫活性，IC50 值在 12.0 到 20.2μg/ml 之间。提取物对 L6 细胞均无细胞毒性，表明其抗原生动物活性具有特异性。这是首次报道英国海洋藻类具有抗原生动物和抗分枝杆菌活性的研究。
