Yamamoto-Kawai Michiyo, McLaughlin Fiona A, Carmack Eddy C, Nishino Shigeto, Shimada Koji
Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Institute of Ocean Sciences, 9860 West Saanich Road, Sidney, British Columbia V8L 4B2, Canada.
Science. 2009 Nov 20;326(5956):1098-100. doi: 10.1126/science.1174190.
The increase in anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions and attendant increase in ocean acidification and sea ice melt act together to decrease the saturation state of calcium carbonate in the Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean. In 2008, surface waters were undersaturated with respect to aragonite, a relatively soluble form of calcium carbonate found in plankton and invertebrates. Undersaturation was found to be a direct consequence of the recent extensive melting of sea ice in the Canada Basin. In addition, the retreat of the ice edge well past the shelf-break has produced conditions favorable to enhanced upwelling of subsurface, aragonite-undersaturated water onto the Arctic continental shelf. Undersaturation will affect both planktonic and benthic calcifying biota and therefore the composition of the Arctic ecosystem.
人为二氧化碳排放的增加以及随之而来的海洋酸化和海冰融化，共同导致北冰洋加拿大海盆中碳酸钙的饱和状态降低。2008年，表层海水相对于文石处于不饱和状态，文石是一种在浮游生物和无脊椎动物中发现的相对易溶的碳酸钙形式。不饱和状态被发现是加拿大海盆近期海冰大量融化的直接后果。此外，冰缘退至远超过陆架边缘，产生了有利于将亚表层、文石不饱和的水增强上升流到北极大陆架的条件。不饱和状态将影响浮游和底栖钙化生物群，进而影响北极生态系统的组成。
