Department of Physiology and Pharmacology V. Erspamer, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2010 Feb 17;127(3):731-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.12.001. Epub 2009 Dec 5.
The aerial parts of Sisymbrium officinale Scop. are commonly used to treat airway ailments, moreover in antiquity the herbal drug was reputed to possess anticancer properties. The results obtained in present work support the traditional use and the properties ascribed to Sisymbrium officinale.
In order to give a scientific basis to the traditional uses of Sisymbrium officinale, this study was aimed to evaluate in vitro the myorelaxant activity, the antimicrobial properties and the antimutagenic effect of an aqueous dry extract of the aerial parts of the plant. A phytochemical characterization of the extract was also performed.
The myorelaxant activity was studied against the contractions induced by carbachol, histamine and leukotriene C(4), in isolated guinea-pig trachea. The antimicrobial activity was tested against six bacteria and one yeast. The Ames test, performed by the preincubation method, was used to study the antimutagenic activity of the extract by its capability to inhibit the mutagenic effect of 2-nitrofluorene, sodium azide, methyl methanesulfonate and 2-aminoanthracene, in Salmonella typhimurium TA98, Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and Escherichia coli WP2uvrA strains. The chemical composition of the extract was analyzed by TLC and HPLC.
Sisymbrium officinale showed to reduce the chemically-induced contractions of isolated guinea-pig trachea with major potency against leukotriene C(4) and histamine. The extract did not show any antibacterial activity. The Ames test showed a strong antimutagenic activity against 2-aminoanthracene, in Escherichia coli WP2uvrA and in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 strains. The phytochemical study highlighted the presence of putranjivine, the glucosinolate marker of Sisymbrium officinale, and of proline.
The myorelaxant activity of Sisymbrium officinale offers a scientific basis to its use in traditional medicine. The strong antimutagenic effect suggests further studies to evaluate its possible chemopreventive activity.
旱芹的地上部分通常用于治疗呼吸道疾病，此外，在古代，草药被认为具有抗癌特性。本研究的结果支持旱芹的传统用途和特性。
为了给旱芹的传统用途提供科学依据，本研究旨在评估该植物地上部分的水提干燥提取物的体外肌松活性、抗菌特性和抗诱变作用。还对提取物进行了植物化学鉴定。
使用离体豚鼠气管研究了肌松活性对乙酰胆碱、组胺和白三烯 C(4)诱导收缩的影响。采用琼脂扩散法检测了抗菌活性，测试了 6 株细菌和 1 株酵母。使用预孵育法进行的 Ames 试验，通过其抑制 2-硝基芴、叠氮化钠、甲磺酸甲酯和 2-氨基蒽诱发突变的能力，研究了提取物的抗诱变活性，在鼠伤寒沙门氏菌 TA98、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌 TA100 和大肠杆菌 WP2uvrA 菌株中进行了测试。通过 TLC 和 HPLC 分析了提取物的化学成分。
旱芹能减少化学诱导的离体豚鼠气管收缩，对白细胞三烯 C(4)和组胺的抑制作用最强。提取物没有显示出任何抗菌活性。Ames 试验表明，该提取物对大肠杆菌 WP2uvrA 和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌 TA98 菌株中的 2-氨基蒽具有强烈的抗诱变活性。植物化学研究表明，该提取物中存在 putranjivine，旱芹的葡萄糖苷标记物，以及脯氨酸。
旱芹的肌松活性为其在传统医学中的应用提供了科学依据。强烈的抗诱变作用表明，需要进一步研究以评估其可能的化学预防活性。
