Aigner T G, Walker D L, Mishkin M
Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Behav Neural Biol. 1991 Jan;55(1):61-7. doi: 10.1016/0163-1047(91)80127-z.
The effect of scopolamine on visual recognition memory in rhesus monkeys was assessed with a delayed nonmatching-to-sample task employing trial-unique stimuli. During the acquisition phase, 40 sample stimuli were presented sequentially. During the test phase, these same stimuli were presented in the reverse order, each paired with a novel stimulus. The animal was rewarded for choosing the novel stimulus in each pair. Two versions of this design were used. In Task 1, scopolamine (10.0 or 17.8 micrograms/kg) was administered 20 min prior to acquisition, which was followed immediately by the test phase. In Task 2, the drug was administered immediately after acquisition, which was followed 20 min later by the test phase. Performance was impaired in a dose-related manner in Task 1, but not at all in Task 2, indicating that the effects of scopolamine on performance cannot be attributed to an impairment either in the retrieval of stored information or in the attentive or perceptual discriminative processes needed for such retrieval, or, by implication, for storage. In addition, the forgetting curves for scopolamine in Task 1 were parallel to those of the control sessions; i.e., the curves did not diverge with increasing delay intervals, indicating that scopolamine did not increase the rate of forgetting. Taken together, the results suggest that scopolamine interferes selectively with the initial storage of the information to be remembered.
采用每次试验呈现独特刺激的延迟非匹配样本任务，评估了东莨菪碱对恒河猴视觉识别记忆的影响。在习得阶段，依次呈现40个样本刺激。在测试阶段，这些相同的刺激按相反顺序呈现，每个刺激都与一个新刺激配对。动物在每对刺激中选择新刺激会得到奖励。使用了该设计的两个版本。在任务1中，在习得前20分钟给予东莨菪碱（10.0或17.8微克/千克），随后立即进入测试阶段。在任务2中，在习得后立即给予药物，20分钟后进入测试阶段。在任务1中，表现以剂量相关的方式受损，但在任务2中完全没有受损，这表明东莨菪碱对表现的影响不能归因于存储信息的检索受损，也不能归因于这种检索（或者暗示存储）所需的注意力或感知辨别过程受损。此外，任务1中东莨菪碱的遗忘曲线与对照实验的遗忘曲线平行；即，随着延迟间隔增加，曲线没有分开，表明东莨菪碱没有增加遗忘率。综合来看，结果表明东莨菪碱选择性地干扰了要记忆信息的初始存储。
