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老年男性和女性的压力事件与生活满意度

Stressful events and life satisfaction among elderly men and women.

作者信息

Krause N

机构信息

School of Public Health, University of Michigan.

出版信息

J Gerontol. 1991 Mar;46(2):S84-92. doi: 10.1093/geronj/46.2.s84.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the interrelationships among stressful events, domain-specific assessments of life satisfaction, and global evaluations of life satisfaction. This research was guided by two competing theoretical formulations. According to bottom-up theory, older adults first assess feelings of satisfaction within specific life domains that are based in part on the experiences (i.e., stressors) they encounter in these areas. The domain-specific views are subsequently synthesized to form an overall sense of satisfaction with life as a whole. In contrast, the top-down theory suggests that a person's ongoing sense of satisfaction with life as a whole predisposes him or her to assess satisfaction with specific domains in ways that are congruent with his or her initial sense of global life satisfaction. Analysis of data provided by older participants in a nationwide survey tends to support the bottom-up perspective.

摘要

本研究的目的是考察应激事件、特定领域生活满意度评估与总体生活满意度评价之间的相互关系。本研究受两种相互竞争的理论表述指导。根据自下而上理论,老年人首先评估特定生活领域内的满意度感受,这些感受部分基于他们在这些领域所遇到的经历(即压力源)。随后,特定领域的观点被综合起来,形成对整体生活的总体满意度。相比之下,自上而下理论认为,一个人对整体生活持续的满意度会使他或她倾向于以与其最初的总体生活满意度相一致的方式来评估特定领域的满意度。对全国性调查中老年参与者提供的数据进行分析,倾向于支持自下而上的观点。

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