el-Damanhoury H, Schärfe T, Rüth J, Roos S, Hohenfellner R
Department of Urology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Medical School, Federal Republic of Germany.
J Urol. 1991 Mar;145(3):484-8. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)38375-1.
Between March 1986 and June 1989, 3,278 patients with upper urinary tract calculi were treated at our medical center with the Lithostar lithotriptor. The stones were located in the calices in 41.9% of the cases, renal pelvis in 25.7% and ureter in 32.4%. Perirenal hematoma was noted in 0.5% of the patients but this resolved spontaneously within a few days. Auxiliary procedures were performed in 37.3% of the cases, including Double-J stent and ureteral catheter in 26.8%, ureterorenoscopy in 2.1%, percutaneous nephrostomy in 1.6%, Zeiss loop in 4.3% and percutaneous nephrolithotripsy in 3.5%. Of the treatments 83.1% were performed without general or regional anesthesia. Followup after 3 months showed a 63.8% rate free of stone. The Lithostar upgraded with the overhead lithotripsy module is called Lithostar Plus. A total of 25 patients with upper urinary stones underwent treatment with the overhead module. Initial experience revealed fragmentation of stones after the first session in 20 patients, while a second session was necessary in 5. Analgesic sedation was used in 4 patients in whom a Double-J stent was inserted.
1986年3月至1989年6月期间，我们医疗中心使用Lithostar碎石机对3278例上尿路结石患者进行了治疗。结石位于肾盏的病例占41.9%，肾盂的占25.7%，输尿管的占32.4%。0.5%的患者出现肾周血肿，但数天内自行消退。37.3%的病例进行了辅助操作，包括双J支架和输尿管导管置入占26.8%，输尿管肾镜检查占2.1%，经皮肾造瘘占1.6%，蔡司套圈占4.3%，经皮肾镜碎石术占3.5%。83.1%的治疗在未使用全身或区域麻醉的情况下进行。3个月后的随访显示结石清除率为63.8%。配备高架碎石模块升级后的Lithostar称为Lithostar Plus。共有25例上尿路结石患者接受了高架模块治疗。初步经验显示，20例患者在第一次治疗后结石碎裂，5例需要进行第二次治疗。4例插入双J支架的患者使用了镇痛镇静。
