Federal Environment Agency (Umweltbundesamt), Experimental Site Marienfelde, 12307 Berlin, Germany.
Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Jan 15;44(2):657-62. doi: 10.1021/es9016816.
Microcystins (MCYSTs) are a group of structurally similar toxic peptides produced by cyanobacteria ("blue-green algae") which occur frequently in surface waters worldwide. Reliable elimination is necessary when using these waters as drinking water sources. Bank filtration and artificial groundwater recharge utilize adsorption and degradation processes in the subsurface, commonly through sand and gravel aquifers, for the elimination of a wide range of substances during drinking water (pre-) treatment. To obtain parameters for estimating whether MCYST breakthrough is likely in field settings, we tested MCYST elimination in laboratory experiments (batch experiments, column experiments) under a range of conditions. Adsorption coefficients (k(d)-values) obtained from batch studies ranged from 0.2 mL/g for filter sand to 11.6 mL/g for fine grained aquifer materials with 2% fine grains (<63 microm) and 0.8% organic matter. First order degradation rates in column studies reached 1.87 d(-1) under aerobic conditions and showed high variations under anoxic conditions (<0.01-1.35 d(-1)). These results show that, next to sediment texture, redox conditions play an important role for MCYST elimination during sediment passage. Biodegradation was identified as the dominating process for MCYST elimination in sandy aquifer material.
微囊藻毒素（MCYSTs）是一组结构相似的由蓝藻（“蓝绿藻”）产生的有毒肽，它们在世界各地的地表水经常出现。当这些水被用作饮用水源时，必须进行可靠的去除。 银行过滤和人工地下水补给利用地下的吸附和降解过程，通常通过砂和砾石含水层，用于在饮用水（预处理）过程中去除多种物质。为了获得估计 MCYST 突破是否可能在现场环境中的参数，我们在实验室实验（批处理实验、柱实验）中在一系列条件下测试了 MCYST 的消除。从批量研究中获得的吸附系数（k(d)-值）范围从过滤砂的 0.2 mL/g 到 2%细颗粒（<63 微米）和 0.8%有机物的细粒含水层材料的 11.6 mL/g。在好氧条件下，柱实验中的一级降解速率达到 1.87 d(-1)，在缺氧条件下表现出很大的变化（<0.01-1.35 d(-1))。这些结果表明，除了沉积物质地外，氧化还原条件在沉积物通过时对 MCYST 的消除起着重要作用。生物降解被确定为砂质含水层材料中 MCYST 消除的主要过程。
