Illawarra Institute for Mental Health and School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.
Subst Use Misuse. 2009;44(13):1926-40. doi: 10.3109/10826080802486723.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of spirituality, religiosity and self-efficacy with drug and/or alcohol cravings. A cross-sectional survey was completed by 77 male participants at an Australian Salvation Army residential rehabilitation service in 2007. The survey included questions relating to the participants' drug and/or alcohol use and also measures for spirituality, religiosity, cravings, and self-efficacy. The sample included participants aged between 19 and 74 years, with more than 57% reporting a diagnosis for a mental disorder and 78% reporting polysubstance misuse with alcohol most frequently endorsed as the primary drug of concern (71%). Seventy-five percent of the clients reported that spirituality and religious faith were useful components of the treatment program. A multivariate multiple regression analysis identified that spirituality and self-efficacy have significant relationships with cravings. Self-efficacy mediated the relationship between spirituality and drug and/or alcohol cravings. The limitations of this study included its cross-sectional design and a sample that was drawn from a faith-based program. Future research would benefit from the longitudinal examination of the relationship between spirituality, self-efficacy, and cravings; the exploration of a broader range of client-specific and interpersonal variables; and the inclusion of a control group from a secular treatment facility.
本研究旨在探讨灵性、宗教信仰和自我效能感与药物和/或酒精渴求之间的关系。2007 年，澳大利亚救世军住所康复服务机构的 77 名男性参与者完成了一项横断面调查。该调查包括与参与者的药物和/或酒精使用相关的问题，以及用于测量灵性、宗教信仰、渴求感和自我效能感的问题。该样本包括年龄在 19 至 74 岁之间的参与者，超过 57%的人报告有精神障碍诊断，78%的人报告多种物质滥用，酒精最常被认为是主要关注的药物（71%）。75%的客户报告称，灵性和宗教信仰是治疗计划中有用的组成部分。多元逐步回归分析确定，灵性和自我效能感与渴求感有显著关系。自我效能感在灵性和药物/酒精渴求之间的关系中起中介作用。本研究的局限性包括其横断面设计和从基于信仰的项目中抽取的样本。未来的研究将受益于对灵性、自我效能感和渴求感之间关系的纵向研究；对更广泛的客户特定和人际变量的探索；以及包括来自世俗治疗机构的对照组。
