Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana, México.
Int Endod J. 2010 Jan;43(1):16-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2009.01620.x.
To evaluate the accuracy of the Root ZX and Elements-Diagnostic electronic apex locators when compared with radiographs for locating the canal terminus or minor foramen.
The canal terminus of 482 canals in 160 maxillary and mandibular teeth was located in vivo with both locators and radiographically. After extraction, the actual location of the minor foramen was determined visually and with magnification. A paired samples t-test, chi-square test and a repeated measure anova at the 0.05 level of significance were used to determine differences between the groups.
The Root ZX located the minor foramen correctly 68% of the time in anterior and premolar teeth, and 58% of the time in molar teeth. The Elements-Diagnostic located the minor foramen correctly 58% of the time in anterior and premolar teeth and 49% of the time in molar teeth. Radiographs located the minor foramen correctly 20% of the time in anterior and premolar teeth and 11% of the time in molar teeth. There was no statistically significant difference between the two locators, but there was a significant difference between them and radiographs. For all teeth, the measurements made by the apex locators were within +/-0.5 mm of the minor foramen 100% of the time, whereas for the radiographs, the measurements were within this range only 15% of the time. This difference was significant (P = 0.05).
Measuring the location of the minor foramen using the two apex locators was more accurate than radiographs and would reduce the risk of instrumenting and filling beyond the apical foramen.
评估 Root ZX 和 Elements-Diagnostic 电子根尖定位仪在定位根管末端或小根尖孔时与 X 光片相比的准确性。
在体内使用这两种定位器和 X 光片定位了 160 颗上颌和下颌牙齿的 482 个根管的根尖末端。在拔牙后，通过肉眼和放大观察确定小根尖孔的实际位置。使用配对样本 t 检验、卡方检验和重复测量方差分析，在 0.05 的显著性水平上比较组间差异。
Root ZX 在 100%的前牙和前磨牙中正确定位小根尖孔的比例为 68%，在 100%的磨牙中正确定位小根尖孔的比例为 58%。Elements-Diagnostic 在 100%的前牙和前磨牙中正确定位小根尖孔的比例为 58%，在 100%的磨牙中正确定位小根尖孔的比例为 49%。X 光片在 100%的前牙和前磨牙中正确定位小根尖孔的比例为 20%，在 100%的磨牙中正确定位小根尖孔的比例为 11%。这两种定位器之间没有统计学上的显著差异，但与 X 光片之间有显著差异。对于所有牙齿，根尖定位器的测量值与小根尖孔的距离在 +/-0.5mm 内的比例为 100%，而 X 光片的测量值在这个范围内的比例仅为 15%。这种差异具有统计学意义（P = 0.05）。
使用这两种根尖定位器测量小根尖孔的位置比 X 光片更准确，可以降低器械超出根尖孔进入和填充的风险。
