School of Dentistry, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana, Baja California, México.
Int Endod J. 2011 Jun;44(6):510-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2011.01855.x. Epub 2011 Feb 10.
To evaluate the accuracy of the Root ZX, Elements-Diagnostic, Precision AL and Raypex 5 electronic apex locators when compared to radiographs for locating the apical constriction.
The apical constriction of 693 canals in 245 maxillary and mandibular teeth was located in vivo with four electronic apex locators (EALs) and radiographically. After extraction the actual location of the apical constriction was determined visually and with magnification. A paired samples t-test, X2 test and a repeated measure anova at the 0.05 level of significance were used to determine differences between the groups.
For anterior teeth, the Root ZX, Elements, Precision AL, Raypex 5 and radiographs located the apical constriction 89.09%, 83.63%, 85.45%, 81.81% and 32.72% of the time, respectively. For premolar teeth, the Root ZX, Elements, Precision AL, Raypex 5 and radiographs located the apical constriction 75%, 61.60%, 64.28%, 61.60% and 32.14% of the time, respectively. For molar teeth, the Root ZX, Elements, Precision AL, Raypex 5 and radiographs located the apical constriction 69.01%, 50.49%, 65.40%, 43.93% and 14.59% of the time, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the four EALs (P = 0.05).
Measuring the location of the apical constriction using the four apex locators was more accurate than radiographs and would reduce the risk of instrumenting and filling beyond the apical foramen.
评估 Root ZX、Elements-Diagnostic、Precision AL 和 Raypex 5 电子根尖定位仪在定位根尖狭窄部时与 X 光片相比的准确性。
对 245 颗上颌和下颌牙齿的 693 个根管进行了活体研究，使用 4 种电子根尖定位仪（EAL）和 X 光片进行了定位。在提取后，通过肉眼和放大观察确定实际的根尖狭窄部位置。采用配对样本 t 检验、X2 检验和重复测量方差分析，在 0.05 的显著性水平上确定组间差异。
对于前牙，Root ZX、Elements、Precision AL、Raypex 5 和 X 光片分别有 89.09%、83.63%、85.45%、81.81%和 32.72%的时间定位到根尖狭窄部。对于前磨牙，Root ZX、Elements、Precision AL、Raypex 5 和 X 光片分别有 75%、61.60%、64.28%、61.60%和 32.14%的时间定位到根尖狭窄部。对于磨牙，Root ZX、Elements、Precision AL、Raypex 5 和 X 光片分别有 69.01%、50.49%、65.40%、43.93%和 14.59%的时间定位到根尖狭窄部。这四种 EAL 之间没有统计学上的显著差异（P = 0.05）。
使用这四种根尖定位仪测量根尖狭窄部的位置比 X 光片更准确，可以降低器械超出根尖孔并填充的风险。
