高迁移率族蛋白N（HMGNs）、DNA修复与癌症
HMGNs, DNA repair and cancer.
作者信息
Gerlitz Gabi
机构信息
Protein Section, Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 37/ Room 3122, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
出版信息
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010 Jan-Feb;1799(1-2):80-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2009.10.007. Epub 2009 Dec 8.
DNA lesions threaten the integrity of the genome and are a major factor in cancer formation and progression. Eukaryotic DNA is organized in nucleosome-based higher order structures, which form the chromatin fiber. In recent years, considerable knowledge has been gained on the importance of chromatin dynamics for the cellular response to DNA damage and for the ability to repair DNA lesions. High Mobility Group N1 (HMGN1) protein is an emerging factor that is important for chromatin alterations in response to DNA damage originated from both ultra violet light (UV) and ionizing irradiation (IR). HMGN1 is a member in the HMGN family of chromatin architectural proteins. HMGNs bind directly to nucleosomes and modulate the structure of the chromatin fiber in a highly dynamic manner. This review focuses mainly on the roles of HMGN1 in the cellular response pathways to different types of DNA lesions and in transcriptional regulation of cancer-related genes. In addition, emerging roles for HMGN5 in cancer progression and for HMGN2 as a potential tool in cancer therapy will be discussed.
DNA损伤威胁基因组的完整性，是癌症形成和进展的主要因素。真核生物的DNA以基于核小体的高级结构组织，形成染色质纤维。近年来，关于染色质动力学在细胞对DNA损伤的反应以及修复DNA损伤能力方面的重要性，我们已经获得了相当多的知识。高迁移率族蛋白N1（HMGN1）是一个新出现的因素，对于响应来自紫外线（UV）和电离辐射（IR）的DNA损伤而发生的染色质改变很重要。HMGN1是染色质结构蛋白HMGN家族的成员。HMGN直接与核小体结合，并以高度动态的方式调节染色质纤维的结构。本综述主要关注HMGN1在细胞对不同类型DNA损伤的反应途径以及癌症相关基因转录调控中的作用。此外，还将讨论HMGN5在癌症进展中的新作用以及HMGN2作为癌症治疗潜在工具的作用。
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