Plant Science Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK.
Ann Bot. 2010 Feb;105(2):197-203. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcp285. Epub 2009 Dec 8.
It is becoming increasingly clear that stress and metabolic signalling networks interact and that this interaction is important in plant responses to herbivory, pathogen attack, drought, cold, heat and osmotic stresses including salinity. At the interface between these two major signalling systems are the hormone abscisic acid (ABA) and signalling factors including protein kinases and transcription factors.
This briefing reviews links between ABA, stress and sugar signalling, focusing on the roles of sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinases (SnRKs), SnRK1-activating protein kinases (SnAKs), calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) and ABA response element binding proteins (AREBPs, which are transcription factors). Links between stress and nitrogen / amino acid signalling are also described, including the roles of a protein kinase called general control non-derepressible (GCN)-2 in regulating protein synthesis through phosphorylation of the alpha-subunit of translation initiation factor-2 (eIF2alpha) in response not only to decreases in amino acid levels but also to a range of stresses. Evidence of a link between sugar and amino acid signalling is explored, with nitrate reductase being a target for regulation by both SnRK1 and GCN2 through different mechanisms; possible links between SnRK1 and GCN2 via a pathway including the protein kinase target of rapamycin (TOR)-1 are described. The significance of these interactions to the concept of signalling networks as opposed to simple cascades and pathways, and the importance of the subject in the context of the predicted increase in severity and range of stresses that plants will have to withstand as a result of global climate change are discussed.
越来越明显的是，压力和代谢信号网络相互作用，这种相互作用在植物对草食动物、病原体攻击、干旱、寒冷、高温和渗透胁迫（包括盐度）的反应中非常重要。在这两个主要信号系统的界面上是激素脱落酸（ABA）和信号因子，包括蛋白激酶和转录因子。
本简报审查了 ABA、应激和糖信号之间的联系，重点介绍了蔗糖非发酵-1 相关蛋白激酶（SnRKs）、SnRK1 激活蛋白激酶（SnAKs）、钙依赖性蛋白激酶（CDPKs）和 ABA 反应元件结合蛋白（AREBPs，即转录因子）的作用。还描述了应激和氮/氨基酸信号之间的联系，包括一种叫做一般控制不可阻遏（GCN）-2 的蛋白激酶的作用，该激酶通过磷酸化翻译起始因子-2（eIF2alpha）的α亚基来调节蛋白质合成，这不仅是对氨基酸水平下降的反应，也是对一系列应激的反应。探讨了糖和氨基酸信号之间联系的证据，硝酸盐还原酶是 SnRK1 和 GCN2 通过不同机制调节的靶标；通过包括蛋白激酶雷帕霉素靶蛋白（TOR）-1 的途径描述了 SnRK1 和 GCN2 之间可能的联系。讨论了这些相互作用对信号网络概念的意义，而不是简单的级联和途径，以及在全球气候变化导致植物必须承受的严重程度和范围不断增加的背景下，这一主题的重要性。
