Chinese National Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Tob Control. 2010 Oct;19 Suppl 2(Suppl_2):i24-9. doi: 10.1136/tc.2009.029959. Epub 2009 Dec 11.
To assess indoor second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure in restaurants and bars via PM(2.5) (fine particles 2.5 μm in diameter and smaller) level measurements in five cities in China.
The study was conducted from July to September in 2007 in Beijing, Xi'an, Wuhan, Kunming and Guiyang. Portable aerosol monitors were used to measure PM(2.5) concentrations in 404 restaurants and bars. The occupant density and the active smoker density were calculated for each venue sampled.
Among the 404 surveyed venues, 23 had complete smoking bans, 9 had partial smoking bans and 313 (77.5%) were observed to have allowed smoking during sampling. The geometric mean of indoor PM(2.5) levels in venues with smoking observed was 208 μg/m(3) and 99 μg/m(3) in venues without observed smoking. When outdoor PM(2.5) levels were adjusted, indoor PM(2.5) levels in venues with smoking observed were consistently significantly higher than in venues without smoking observed (F=80.49, p<0.001). Indoor PM(2.5) levels were positively correlated with outdoor PM(2.5) levels (partial rho=0.37 p<0.001) and active smoker density (partial rho=0.34, p<0.001).
Consistent with findings in other countries, PM(2.5) levels in smoking places are significantly higher than those in smoke-free places and are strongly related to the number and density of active smokers. These findings document the high levels of SHS in hospitality venues in China and point to the urgent need for comprehensive smoke-free laws in China to protect the public from SHS hazards, as called for in Article 8 of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, which was ratified by China in 2005.
通过在中国五个城市的 PM（2.5）（直径 2.5μm 及以下的细颗粒物）水平测量，评估餐厅和酒吧内的室内二手烟（SHS）暴露情况。
该研究于 2007 年 7 月至 9 月在北京、西安、武汉、昆明和贵阳进行。使用便携式气溶胶监测仪测量了 404 家餐厅和酒吧的 PM（2.5）浓度。计算了每个采样场所的人员密度和活跃吸烟者密度。
在所调查的 404 个场所中，有 23 个完全禁烟，9 个部分禁烟，313 个（77.5%）在采样期间允许吸烟。有观察到吸烟的场所室内 PM（2.5）水平的几何平均值为 208μg/m（3），没有观察到吸烟的场所为 99μg/m（3）。当调整室外 PM（2.5）水平时，有观察到吸烟的场所室内 PM（2.5）水平始终显著高于没有观察到吸烟的场所（F=80.49，p<0.001）。室内 PM（2.5）水平与室外 PM（2.5）水平呈正相关（部分 rho=0.37，p<0.001），与活跃吸烟者密度呈正相关（部分 rho=0.34，p<0.001）。
与其他国家的研究结果一致，吸烟场所的 PM（2.5）水平明显高于无烟场所，且与活跃吸烟者人数和密度密切相关。这些发现记录了中国餐饮场所内 SHS 的高暴露水平，并突显了中国迫切需要全面的无烟法律来保护公众免受 SHS 危害，这也是 2005 年中国批准的《烟草控制框架公约》第 8 条所呼吁的。
