美国的成功老龄化：一项全国老年样本的流行率估计。
Successful aging in the United States: prevalence estimates from a national sample of older adults.
机构信息
Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, USA.
出版信息
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2010 Mar;65B(2):216-26. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbp101. Epub 2009 Dec 14.
OBJECTIVES
To estimate the prevalence of successful aging in the United States, with the broad aim of contributing to the dialogue on Rowe and Kahn's concept of successful aging.
METHODS
Using data from the Health and Retirement Study, the prevalence of successful aging was calculated for adults aged 65 years and older at four time points: 1998, 2000, 2002, and 2004. Successful aging was operationalized in accordance with Rowe and Kahn's definition, which encompasses disease and disability, cognitive and physical functioning, social connections, and productive activities.
RESULTS
No greater than 11.9% of older adults were aging "successfully" in any year. The adjusted odds of successful aging were generally lower for those of advanced age, male gender, and lower socioeconomic status. Between 1998 and 2004, the odds of successful aging declined by 25%, after accounting for demographic changes in the older population.
DISCUSSION
Few older adults meet the criteria put forth in Rowe and Kahn's definition of successful aging, suggesting the need for modification if the concept is to be used for broad public health purposes. Disparities in successful aging were evident for socially defined subgroups, highlighting the importance of structural factors in enabling successful aging.
目的
评估美国成功老龄化的流行率，旨在为罗和卡恩的成功老龄化概念的讨论做出贡献。
方法
使用来自健康与退休研究的数据，在四个时间点（1998 年、2000 年、2002 年和 2004 年）计算了 65 岁及以上成年人的成功老龄化流行率。成功老龄化是根据罗和卡恩的定义来操作的，该定义包括疾病和残疾、认知和身体功能、社会联系和生产性活动。
结果
在任何一年，都不超过 11.9%的老年人能够“成功”老龄化。在考虑到老年人口的人口统计学变化后，年龄较大、男性和较低社会经济地位的人成功老龄化的调整后几率通常较低。在 1998 年至 2004 年间，成功老龄化的几率下降了 25%。
讨论
很少有老年人符合罗和卡恩成功老龄化定义中的标准，这表明如果该概念要用于广泛的公共卫生目的，就需要进行修改。在社会定义的亚组中，成功老龄化存在差异，突出了结构因素在实现成功老龄化方面的重要性。
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