Fenster L, Swan S H, Windham G C, Neutra R R
Special Epidemiological Studies Program California Department of Health Services, Berkeley 94704.
Am J Epidemiol. 1991 Mar 1;133(5):477-88. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115915.
Reporting consistency was examined in a case-control study of spontaneous abortion in Santa Clara County, California. Each case (n = 100) and two pregnant controls (n = 200), frequency-matched by last menstrual period, were interviewed twice: first after the case's spontaneous abortion (on average, 24 weeks after the last menstrual period) and again after completion of the controls' pregnancies (on average, 48 weeks after the last menstrual period). Because of concern about differential reporting of water consumption in regions with publicized water contamination, interviews included detailed questions about consumption of tap water and bottled water during pregnancy, as well as other exposures. Most factors such as caffeine consumption, cigarette smoking, employment, and pregnancy history were consistently reported between interviews and did not appear to be subject to differential reporting between cases and controls. When variables were examined by univariate analysis, controls deleted reports of tap water consumption (any vs. more) more often than did cases. There was also a suggestion of differential reporting of up to two glasses per day for tap water and bottle water consumption when they were examined as continuous variables. However, the degree of differential reporting was not sufficient to appreciably alter the measures of association between water consumption during pregnancy and spontaneous abortion.
在加利福尼亚州圣克拉拉县进行的一项自然流产病例对照研究中，对报告的一致性进行了检查。每例病例（n = 100）和两名怀孕对照（n = 200），根据末次月经进行频率匹配，接受了两次访谈：第一次在病例自然流产后（平均在末次月经后24周），第二次在对照完成妊娠后（平均在末次月经后48周）。由于担心在有公开水污染的地区对水消耗情况的差异报告，访谈包括了关于孕期自来水和瓶装水消耗以及其他暴露的详细问题。大多数因素，如咖啡因摄入、吸烟、就业和妊娠史，在两次访谈之间的报告是一致的，且在病例和对照之间似乎不存在差异报告。当通过单变量分析检查变量时，对照比病例更频繁地删除自来水消耗报告（任何量与更多量）。当将自来水和瓶装水消耗作为连续变量进行检查时，也存在关于每天多达两杯的差异报告迹象。然而，差异报告的程度不足以显著改变孕期水消耗与自然流产之间的关联度量。
