Fenster L, Eskenazi B, Windham G C, Swan S H
California Department of Health Services, Reproductive Epidemiology Program, Berkeley 94704.
Epidemiology. 1991 May;2(3):168-74. doi: 10.1097/00001648-199105000-00002.
We conducted a case-control study of spontaneous abortion in Santa Clara County, California between 1986 and 1987. We analyzed data on 607 cases and 1,284 controls to evaluate the potential association between caffeine consumption during the first trimester of pregnancy and spontaneous abortion. About 70% of the women consumed caffeinated coffee, tea, and/or soda; 7% of the women consumed more than an average of 300 mg of caffeine daily. The crude odds ratio (OR) for heavy caffeine consumption (greater than 300 mg/day) was 1.55 (95% CI: 1.04-2.31), which decreased to 1.22 (95% CI: 0.80-1.87) after controlling for confounding factors. For these heavy users, nausea modified the association of spontaneous abortion and caffeine; heavy caffeine consumers reporting nausea had a doubled risk for spontaneous abortion (adjusted OR = 2.10, 95% CI: 1.20-3.70), in contrast to those who did not report nausea (adjusted OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.27-1.04). Heavy caffeine consumers who decreased their caffeine intake early in pregnancy had a risk of spontaneous abortion similar to that of nonconsumers.
1986年至1987年期间，我们在加利福尼亚州圣克拉拉县开展了一项关于自然流产的病例对照研究。我们分析了607例病例和1284例对照的数据，以评估孕期头三个月咖啡因摄入量与自然流产之间的潜在关联。约70%的女性饮用含咖啡因的咖啡、茶和/或苏打水；7%的女性每天摄入的咖啡因平均超过300毫克。重度咖啡因摄入（每天超过300毫克）的粗比值比（OR）为1.55（95%置信区间：1.04 - 2.31），在控制混杂因素后降至1.22（95%置信区间：0.80 - 1.87）。对于这些重度使用者，恶心改变了自然流产与咖啡因之间的关联；报告有恶心症状的重度咖啡因消费者自然流产风险翻倍（调整后的OR = 2.10，95%置信区间：1.20 - 3.70），而未报告恶心症状的消费者则不然（调整后的OR = 0.53，95%置信区间：0.27 - 1.04）。孕期早期减少咖啡因摄入量的重度咖啡因消费者自然流产风险与非消费者相似。
