Rasch Vibeke
Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2003 Feb;82(2):182-8. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0412.2003.00078.x.
To study the association between cigarette, alcohol, and caffeine consumption and the occurrence of spontaneous abortion.
The study population consisted of 330 women with spontaneous abortion and 1168 pregnant women receiving antenatal care. A case-control design was utilized; cases were defined as women with a spontaneous abortion in gestational week 6-16 and controls as women with a live fetus in gestational week 6-16. The variables studied comprise age, parity, occupational situation, cigarette, alcohol, and caffeine consumption. The association between cigarette, alcohol, and caffeine consumption was studied using logistic regression analyzes while controlling for confounding variables. In addition stratified analyzes of the association between caffeine consumption and spontaneous abortion on the basis of cigarette and alcohol consumption were performed.
Women who had given birth twice or more previously had increased odds ratio (OR), 1.78 (1.27-2.49), whereas women who were students had decreased OR, 0.55 (0.34-0.91) for having spontaneous abortions. Regarding lifestyle factors, the adjusted ORs among women who consumed 5 units or more alcohol per week or 375 mg or more caffeine per day were 4.84 (2.87-8.16) and 2.21 (1.53-3.18), respectively. Women who smoked 10-19 cigarettes and 20 or more cigarettes per day did not have significantly increased ORs for having spontaneous abortions, after adjusting for other risk factors.
Consumption of 5 or more units alcohol per week and 375 mg or more caffeine per day during pregnancy may increase the risk of spontaneous abortion.
研究香烟、酒精和咖啡因的摄入量与自然流产发生之间的关联。
研究人群包括330例自然流产妇女和1168例接受产前护理的孕妇。采用病例对照设计；病例定义为妊娠6 - 16周发生自然流产的妇女，对照为妊娠6 - 16周有活胎的妇女。所研究的变量包括年龄、产次、职业状况、香烟、酒精和咖啡因的摄入量。在控制混杂变量的同时，使用逻辑回归分析研究香烟、酒精和咖啡因摄入量之间的关联。此外，还根据香烟和酒精摄入量对咖啡因摄入量与自然流产之间的关联进行了分层分析。
既往生育两次或以上的妇女自然流产的比值比（OR）升高，为1.78（1.27 - 2.49），而学生妇女自然流产的OR降低，为0.55（0.34 - 0.91）。关于生活方式因素，每周饮酒5单位或更多或每天摄入375毫克或更多咖啡因的妇女，调整后的OR分别为4.84（2.87 - 8.16）和2.21（1.53 - 3.18）。在调整其他危险因素后，每天吸烟10 - 19支和20支及以上的妇女自然流产的OR没有显著升高。
孕期每周饮酒5单位或更多且每天摄入375毫克或更多咖啡因可能会增加自然流产的风险。
