School of Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
J Water Health. 2010 Mar;8(1):126-38. doi: 10.2166/wh.2009.233.
In Papua New Guinea, a significant portion of morbidity and mortality is attributed to water-borne diseases. To reduce incidence of disease, communities and non-governmental organizations have installed rain catchments to provide drinking water of improved quality. However, little work has been done to determine whether these rain catchments provide drinking water of better quality than traditional drinking water sources, and if morbidity is decreased in villages with rain catchments. The specific aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of water produced by rain catchments in comparison with traditional drinking water sources in rural villages in the East Sepik Province. Fifty-four water sources in 22 villages were evaluated for enterococci and Escherichia coli densities as well as 14 health-relevant metals. In addition, we examined how the prevalence of diarrhoeal illness in villages relates to the type of primary drinking water source. The majority of tested metals were below World Health Organization safety limits. Catchment water sources had lower enterococci and E. coli than other water sources. Individuals in villages using Sepik River water as their primary water source had significantly higher incidence of diarrhoea than those primarily using other water sources (streams, dug wells and catchments).
在巴布亚新几内亚，很大一部分发病率和死亡率归因于水传播疾病。为了降低疾病的发病率，社区和非政府组织已经安装了雨水收集系统，以提供水质得到改善的饮用水。然而，很少有工作致力于确定这些雨水收集系统是否提供了比传统饮用水源更好的饮用水，以及在有雨水收集系统的村庄中发病率是否降低。本研究的具体目的是评估东塞皮克省农村地区雨水收集系统所产生的水与传统饮用水源的质量。对 22 个村庄的 54 个水源进行了肠球菌和大肠杆菌密度以及 14 种与健康相关的金属的评估。此外，我们还研究了村庄中腹泻病的流行与主要饮用水源的类型有何关系。大多数测试的金属都低于世界卫生组织的安全限值。集水区水源的肠球菌和大肠杆菌含量低于其他水源。主要使用塞皮克河作为主要水源的村庄的居民腹泻发病率明显高于主要使用其他水源（溪流、挖掘水井和集水区）的村庄。
