Arévalo-Herrera Myriam, Chitnis Chetan, Herrera Sócrates
Centro Internacional de Vacunas, Cali, Colombia; Immunology Institute, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.
Hum Vaccin. 2010 Jan;6(1):124-32. doi: 10.4161/hv.6.1.9931. Epub 2010 Jan 26.
From a total of 2.6 billion people at permanent risk of suffering malaria infection worldwide, 80-300 million experience Plasmodium vivax infections every year, with clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic to mild and chronic infection that in some cases lead to severe disease and death. The increasing P. vivax drug resistance and reports of severe and lethal cases, the relapsing parasite behavior and the existence of Plasmodium spp. co-infections must prompt more investment and greater efforts for the development of P. vivax vaccine. Currently there are only two P. vivax vaccine candidates being tested in clinical trials and few others are being assessed in preclinical studies which contrast with the numerous P. falciparum vaccines candidates under evaluation. The recent availability of the P. vivax genome and ongoing proteomic analysis are likely to accelerate P. vivax vaccine development. Recent development of human sporozoite-challenge models would contribute to move clinical development forward and to identify mechanisms of immunity.
全球共有26亿人面临疟疾感染的永久风险，每年有8亿至3亿人感染间日疟原虫，其临床表现从无症状感染到轻度和慢性感染不等，在某些情况下会导致严重疾病甚至死亡。间日疟原虫耐药性的增加以及严重和致命病例的报告、寄生虫的复发行为以及疟原虫属共感染的存在，必须促使人们加大投资并付出更多努力来开发间日疟原虫疫苗。目前仅有两种间日疟原虫疫苗候选物正在进行临床试验，还有少数正在临床前研究中进行评估，这与众多正在评估的恶性疟原虫疫苗候选物形成了对比。间日疟原虫基因组的近期可得性以及正在进行的蛋白质组学分析可能会加速间日疟原虫疫苗的开发。人类子孢子攻击模型的最新进展将有助于推动临床开发并确定免疫机制。
