Urbach Yvonne K, Bode Felix J, Nguyen Huu Phuc, Riess Olaf, von Hörsten Stephan
Franz-Penzoldt-Center, Experimental Therapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
Methods Mol Biol. 2010;597:333-56. doi: 10.1007/978-1-60327-389-3_24.
Each translational approach in medical research forces the establishment of neurobehavioral screening systems, dedicated to fill the gap between postgenomic generation of state-of-the-art animal models (i.e. transgenic rats) on the one hand and their added value for really predictive experimental preclinical therapy on the other. Owing to these developments in the field, neuroscientists are frequently challenged by the task of detecting discrete behavioral differences in rats. Systematic, comprehensive phenotyping covers these needs and represents a central part of the process. In this chapter, we provide an overview on theoretical issues related to comprehensive neurobehavioral phenotyping of rats and propose specific classical procedures, protocols (similar to the SHIRPA approach in mice), as well as techniques for repeated, intraindividual phenotyping. Neurological testing of rats, motorfunctional screening using the accelerod approach, emotional screening using the social interaction test of anxiety, and testing of sensorimotoric gating functions by prepulse inhibition of the startle response are provided in more detail. This description is completed by an outlook on most recent developments in the field dealing with automated, intra-home-cage technologies, allowing continuous screening in rats in various behavioral and physiological dimensions on an ethological basis.
医学研究中的每种转化方法都促使建立神经行为筛查系统，一方面致力于填补后基因组时代最先进动物模型（即转基因大鼠）的产生与另一方面其对真正具有预测性的实验性临床前治疗的附加价值之间的差距。由于该领域的这些发展，神经科学家经常面临检测大鼠离散行为差异的任务。系统、全面的表型分析满足了这些需求，并且是该过程的核心部分。在本章中，我们概述了与大鼠全面神经行为表型分析相关的理论问题，并提出了具体的经典程序、方案（类似于小鼠的SHIRPA方法）以及用于重复个体内表型分析的技术。更详细地介绍了大鼠的神经学测试、使用加速度计方法的运动功能筛查、使用焦虑社交互动测试的情绪筛查以及通过惊吓反应的前脉冲抑制对感觉运动门控功能的测试。通过展望该领域最新的发展来完善这一描述，这些发展涉及自动化的笼内技术，能够在行为学基础上对大鼠在各种行为和生理维度上进行连续筛查。
