问题药物使用：公共卫生的当务之急——部分文献述评。
Problem drug use the public health imperative: what some of the literature says.
机构信息
University of Sunderland, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Chester Rd, Sunderland, SR1 3SD, UK.
出版信息
Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2009 Dec 16;4:21. doi: 10.1186/1747-597X-4-21.
BACKGROUND
With more than 200,000 problem drug users is contact with structured treatment services in England the public health imperative behind drug treatment is great. Problem drug use for many is a chronic and relapsing condition, where "cure" is often neither a reasonable or appropriate expectation and it can further be argued that in these circumstances problem drug use is no different from any number of chronic and enduring health conditions that are managed in the health care system and therefore should be conceptualised as such.
DISCUSSION
A public health approach to drug treatment emphasises the need for drug users in or accessing treatment, to reduce their harmful drug use, reduce drug use related risks such as sepsis and overdose and stay alive for longer. However a public health perspective in relation to problem drug use isn't always either apparent or readily understood and to that end there is still a significant need to continue the arguments and debate that treatment and interventions for problem and dependent drug users need to extend beyond an individualistic approach. For the purposes of discussion in this article public and population health will be used interchangeably.
SUMMARY
A recognition and acceptance that a public and population health approach to the management of problem drug users is sound public health policy also then requires a long term commitment in terms of staffing and resources where service delivery mirrors that of chronic condition management.
背景
在英格兰，有超过 20 万名问题吸毒者接受了结构化治疗服务，因此，毒品治疗背后的公共卫生必要性非常大。对于许多人来说，吸毒是一种慢性和复发性的疾病，在这种情况下，“治愈”通常既不合理也不适当，而且可以进一步争辩说，在这种情况下，吸毒与许多在医疗保健系统中管理的慢性和持久的健康状况并无不同，因此应该将其视为如此。
讨论
药物治疗的公共卫生方法强调需要接受或寻求治疗的吸毒者减少其有害药物使用，降低与药物使用相关的风险，如败血症和药物过量，并延长其生存时间。然而，与问题吸毒有关的公共卫生观点并不总是显而易见或易于理解，为此，仍然需要继续争论和辩论，即问题和依赖药物使用者的治疗和干预措施需要超越个体化方法。为了在本文的讨论中使用，公共卫生和人群健康将可以互换使用。
总结
认识和接受将公共和人群健康方法用于管理问题吸毒者是合理的公共卫生政策，这也需要在人员配备和资源方面做出长期承诺，服务提供要与慢性疾病管理相匹配。
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