Yu Huanling, Bi Yanxia, Ma Weiwei, He Lingling, Yuan Linhong, Feng Jinfang, Xiao Rong
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, You An Men, Beijing 100069, China.
Int J Dev Neurosci. 2010 May;28(3):271-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2009.12.001. Epub 2009 Dec 16.
It is well known that high lipid and high energy diet is harmful to health. But the different effects of high lipid diet composed of either saturated fatty acids or unsaturated fatty acids have not been distinguished.
Eighteen pregnant C57BL/6j (22-25g) mice were randomly divided into three groups of six each and fed with chow or high lipid diet composed of either flaxseed oil (chow diet 84%, cholesterol 0.2%, flaxseed oil 15.8%) or lard fat (chow diet 84%, cholesterol 0.2%, lard fat 15.8%). After weaning, the offspring were fed the same diet as their mothers were fed during the experiment, and their spatial memory and learning ability were evaluated by Morris water maze when they were 8 weeks old. Next, the blood and tissues were sampled when they were 9 weeks old. Serum lipids were determined using kits, and brain fatty acids were measured using a gas chromatograph.
Compared to chow diet (control), high flaxseed oil diet (HFO) increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol level (HDL-C) in the mothers but not in offspring; high lard fat diet (HLF) increased serum total cholesterol level (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol level (LDL-C) both in mothers and offspring. Brain fatty acids profile was altered by HLF compared with chow diet. Polyunsaturated fatty acids and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids content were significantly lower in the HLF group than in the control group, but saturated fatty acids content were significantly higher in HLF group than those in control group. The changed fatty acids composition affected the spatial memory and learning ability of adult offspring.
A long-term high lard diet increased offspring serum TC and LDL-C levels and affected the brain's fatty acid composition, and memory and learning ability. The polyunsaturated fatty acid content of the brain may be correlated with serum cholesterol levels.
众所周知，高脂高能量饮食对健康有害。但由饱和脂肪酸或不饱和脂肪酸组成的高脂饮食的不同影响尚未得到区分。
将18只怀孕的C57BL/6j（22 - 25克）小鼠随机分为三组，每组6只，分别喂食普通饲料或由亚麻籽油（普通饲料84%，胆固醇0.2%，亚麻籽油15.8%）或猪油（普通饲料84%，胆固醇0.2%，猪油15.8%）组成的高脂饮食。断奶后，子代小鼠喂食与母亲在实验期间相同的饮食，8周龄时通过莫里斯水迷宫评估其空间记忆和学习能力。接下来，在它们9周龄时采集血液和组织样本。使用试剂盒测定血脂，使用气相色谱仪测量脑脂肪酸。
与普通饲料（对照组）相比，高亚麻籽油饮食（HFO）使母鼠的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平（HDL - C）升高，但子代未升高；高猪油饮食（HLF）使母鼠和子代的血清总胆固醇水平（TC）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平（LDL - C）均升高。与普通饲料相比，HLF改变了脑脂肪酸谱。HLF组的多不饱和脂肪酸和长链多不饱和脂肪酸含量显著低于对照组，但HLF组的饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于对照组。脂肪酸组成的变化影响了成年子代的空间记忆和学习能力。
长期高猪油饮食会增加子代血清TC和LDL - C水平，并影响大脑的脂肪酸组成以及记忆和学习能力。大脑中的多不饱和脂肪酸含量可能与血清胆固醇水平相关。
