Sarangi Manaswini, Dus Monica
Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
Front Behav Neurosci. 2021 Sep 29;15:746299. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.746299. eCollection 2021.
In humans, alterations in cognitive, motivated, and affective behaviors have been described with consumption of processed diets high in refined sugars and saturated fats and with high body mass index, but the causes, mechanisms, and consequences of these changes remain poorly understood. Animal models have provided an opportunity to answer these questions and illuminate the ways in which diet composition, especially high-levels of added sugar and saturated fats, contribute to brain physiology, plasticity, and behavior. Here we review findings from invertebrate (flies) and vertebrate models (rodents, zebrafish) that implicate these diets with changes in multiple behaviors, including eating, learning and memory, and motivation, and discuss limitations, open questions, and future opportunities.
在人类中，食用富含精制糖和饱和脂肪的加工食品以及高体重指数与认知、动机和情感行为的改变有关，但这些变化的原因、机制和后果仍知之甚少。动物模型为回答这些问题提供了契机，并阐明了饮食组成，特别是高添加糖和饱和脂肪水平，对大脑生理、可塑性和行为的影响方式。在此，我们综述了无脊椎动物（果蝇）和脊椎动物模型（啮齿动物、斑马鱼）的研究结果，这些研究表明这些饮食与多种行为的变化有关，包括进食、学习和记忆以及动机，并讨论了局限性、未解决的问题和未来的机遇。
