Cadoret R J, Stewart M A
Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City.
Compr Psychiatry. 1991 Jan-Feb;32(1):73-82. doi: 10.1016/0010-440x(91)90072-k.
This study used an adoption design to investigate the relationships among genetic background, environmental factors, and clinical outcome of attention deficit/hyperactivity, aggressivity, and adult antisocial personality (ASP) in a sample of 283 male adoptees. A biologic parent adjudged to be delinquent or to have an adult criminal conviction predicted increased attention deficit/hyperactivity in the adopted away sons, as well as increased adult ASP diagnosis. Aggressivity in the adoptee was predicted by attention deficit/hyperactivity, and aggressivity in turn predicted increased adult ASP. Environmental factors of socioeconomic status (SES), and psychiatric problems in adoptive family members correlated significantly with various clinical outcomes of aggressivity, attention deficit/hyperactivity, and ASP. The results suggest that attention deficit/hyperactivity should be considered a syndrome that has a variety of correlated behaviors, such as aggressivity, and that each of these correlated behaviors is influenced by different genetic and environmental factors and their interactions. Depending on the mix of factors, adult ASP can be one of the outcomes.
本研究采用收养设计，在283名男性养子样本中，调查遗传背景、环境因素与注意力缺陷/多动、攻击性以及成人反社会人格（ASP）临床结果之间的关系。被判定有违法行为或有成人刑事定罪的生物学父母，预示着被收养的儿子出现注意力缺陷/多动增加，以及成人ASP诊断增加。养子的攻击性可由注意力缺陷/多动预测，而攻击性反过来又预示着成人ASP增加。社会经济地位（SES）的环境因素以及收养家庭成员的精神问题，与攻击性、注意力缺陷/多动和ASP的各种临床结果显著相关。结果表明，注意力缺陷/多动应被视为一种具有多种相关行为（如攻击性）的综合征，并且这些相关行为中的每一种都受到不同的遗传和环境因素及其相互作用的影响。根据因素的组合情况，成人ASP可能是其中一种结果。
