Department of Psychology, Yale University, Box 208205, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2010 Feb;100(2):312-8. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2009.160226. Epub 2009 Dec 17.
We assessed the impact of restaurant menu calorie labels on food choices and intake.
Participants in a study dinner (n=303) were randomly assigned to either (1) a menu without calorie labels (no calorie labels), (2) a menu with calorie labels (calorie labels), or (3) a menu with calorie labels and a label stating the recommended daily caloric intake for an average adult (calorie labels plus information). Food choices and intake during and after the study dinner were measured.
Participants in both calorie label conditions ordered fewer calories than those in the no calorie labels condition. When calorie label conditions were combined, that group consumed 14% fewer calories than the no calorie labels group. Individuals in the calorie labels condition consumed more calories after the study dinner than those in both other conditions. When calories consumed during and after the study dinner were combined, participants in the calorie labels plus information group consumed an average of 250 fewer calories than those in the other groups.
Calorie labels on restaurant menus impacted food choices and intake; adding a recommended daily caloric requirement label increased this effect, suggesting menu label legislation should require such a label. Future research should evaluate menu labeling's impact on children's food choices and consumption.
我们评估了餐厅菜单卡路里标签对食物选择和摄入的影响。
参与研究晚餐的参与者（n=303）被随机分配到以下三种情况之一：（1）没有卡路里标签的菜单（无标签），（2）有卡路里标签的菜单（标签），或（3）有卡路里标签和一个标签显示成人平均推荐每日热量摄入量的菜单（标签加信息）。在研究晚餐期间和之后测量食物选择和摄入量。
标签条件下的参与者比无标签条件下的参与者点的卡路里更少。当将卡路里标签条件结合起来时，该组比无标签组少摄入 14%的卡路里。标签条件下的个体在研究晚餐后摄入的卡路里比其他两组都多。当研究晚餐期间和之后消耗的卡路里合并时，标签加信息组的参与者平均比其他组少摄入 250 卡路里。
餐厅菜单上的卡路里标签影响食物选择和摄入；添加每日推荐热量要求标签增加了这种效果，表明菜单标签立法应要求使用此类标签。未来的研究应评估菜单标签对儿童食物选择和消费的影响。
