Butler G, Fennell M, Robson P, Gelder M
Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, England.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 1991 Feb;59(1):167-75. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.59.1.167.
In a controlled clinical trial, 57 Ss meeting DSM-III-R criteria for generalized anxiety disorder, and fulfilling an additional severity criterion, were randomly allocated to cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), behavior therapy (BT), or a waiting-list control group. Individual treatment lasted 4-12 sessions; independent assessments were made before treatment, after treatment, and 6 months later, and additional follow-up data were collected after an interval of approximately 18 months. Results show a clear advantage for CBT over BT. A consistent pattern of change favoring CBT was evident in measures of anxiety, depression, and cognition. Ss were lost from the BT group, but there was no attrition from the CBT group. Treatment integrity was double-checked in England and in Holland, and special efforts were made to reduce error variance. Possible explanations for the superiority of CBT are discussed.
在一项对照临床试验中，57名符合《精神疾病诊断与统计手册第三版修订版》（DSM-III-R）广泛性焦虑症标准且满足另一严重程度标准的受试者被随机分配至认知行为疗法（CBT）组、行为疗法（BT）组或等待名单对照组。个体治疗持续4至12节；在治疗前、治疗后及6个月后进行独立评估，并在约18个月的间隔后收集额外的随访数据。结果显示CBT组优于BT组。在焦虑、抑郁和认知测量中，明显呈现出有利于CBT的一致变化模式。BT组有受试者退出，但CBT组无人员流失。在英国和荷兰对治疗完整性进行了复查，并特别努力减少误差方差。讨论了CBT优越性的可能解释。
