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参考沉降物中钚浓度及其同位素组成的特征描述。

Characterization of Pu concentration and its isotopic composition in a reference fallout material.

机构信息

State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guanshui Road 46, Guiyang 550002, China.

出版信息

Sci Total Environ. 2010 Feb 1;408(5):1139-44. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.11.058.

Abstract

Because there is no reference material for fallout plutonium isotope monitoring, preparation of such a material is necessary for quality control of fallout radionuclides analysis for atmospheric environmental studies. In this work, we report the characterization of Pu activity and its isotopic composition in a reference fallout material prepared by the Meteorological Research Institute (MRI), Japan. This material was prepared from samples collected at 14 stations throughout Japan in 1963-1979, with reference values of (137)Cs, (90)Sr and (239)(+)(240)Pu activities. We analyzed the activities of (239)(+)(240)Pu and (241)Pu, and the atom ratios of (240)Pu/(239)Pu and (241)Pu/(239)Pu using an isotope dilution sector-field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SF-ICP-MS). The (239)(+)(240)Pu activities in this fallout material using acid leaching and total digestion were 6.56+/-0.20 mBq/g and 6.79+/-0.16 mBq/g, respectively. Atom ratios of (240)Pu/(239)Pu were 0.1915+/-0.0030 and 0.1922+/-0.0044, respectively. Both (240)Pu/(239)Pu and (241)Pu/(239)Pu atom ratios were slightly higher than those of global fallout, which could be attributed to the deposition of fallout radionuclides resulting from the Chinese nuclear weapons tests conducted in the 1970s. The dominant host phases of (239)(+)(240)Pu were found to be organic matter-sulfides (70%) with a relative high (240)Pu/(239)Pu atom ratio, and Fe-Mn oxides (19%) using a sequential extraction method.

摘要

由于缺乏沉降钚同位素监测的参考资料,因此有必要为大气环境研究中的沉降放射性核素分析制备质量控制用的参考材料。在这项工作中,我们报告了由日本气象研究所(MRI)制备的参考沉降物中钚活性及其同位素组成的特征。该材料是由 1963 年至 1979 年在日本 14 个站点采集的样品制备的,参考值为 (137)Cs、(90)Sr 和 (239)(+)(240)Pu 活性。我们使用同位素稀释扇形场电感耦合等离子体质谱(SF-ICP-MS)分析了 (239)(+)(240)Pu 和 (241)Pu 的活性,以及 (240)Pu/(239)Pu 和 (241)Pu/(239)Pu 的原子比。用酸浸提和完全消解,该沉降物中 (239)(+)(240)Pu 的活性分别为 6.56+/-0.20 mBq/g 和 6.79+/-0.16 mBq/g。(240)Pu/(239)Pu 的原子比分别为 0.1915+/-0.0030 和 0.1922+/-0.0044。(240)Pu/(239)Pu 和 (241)Pu/(239)Pu 的原子比均略高于全球沉降物,这可能归因于 20 世纪 70 年代中国核武器试验沉降的放射性核素。使用顺序提取方法,发现 (239)(+)(240)Pu 的主要宿主相为有机-硫(70%),其具有相对较高的 (240)Pu/(239)Pu 原子比,以及铁-锰氧化物(19%)。

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