Department of Chemical Defense Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Toxicon. 2010 Apr 1;55(4):838-45. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.11.022. Epub 2009 Dec 16.
Previous studies in our laboratory have shown that tentacle-only extract (TOE) has similar hypotensive effects with nematocyst venom from jellyfish Cyanea capillata, and the experimental studies on the in vivo cardiovascular effects of TOE were further performed to explore the leading cause of death and analyze the basic physiopathologic change in anaesthztized SD rats. Plots of TOE dose versus time to death showed dose-dependent curvilinear relationship. ECG changed in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Haemodynamic parameters, including the heart rate, mean femoral arterial pressure, left ventricular developed pressure and the first derivative of left ventricular pressures, decreased, but left ventricular end-diastolic pressure did not increase. Arterial partial pressure of oxygen and oxygen saturation did not change. Lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase and MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase increased significantly. Histopathological examination showed congestion, haemorrhage, edema and denaturation in the heart; congestion, haemorrhage in the lung and acute congestion in the liver. Transmission electron microscopy examination found that parts of sarcomeric filaments disrupted, dissolved and disappeared, and parts of mitochondria swelled in cardiocytes. Laser scanning confocal microscope examination found that ventricular myocytes from adult rat were deformed and ultimately died within 30 min after TOE treatment. Our results reveal that cardiodepressive effect of C. capillata TOE is the leading cause of death and acute total heart failure is the basic physiopathologic change in anaesthetized SD rats.
先前我们实验室的研究表明，触手提取物（TOE）与海蜇 Cyanea capillata 的刺丝囊毒液具有相似的降压作用，进一步进行了 TOE 对体内心血管作用的实验研究，以探讨导致死亡的主要原因，并分析麻醉 SD 大鼠的基本病理生理变化。TOE 剂量与死亡时间的关系图显示出剂量依赖性的曲线关系。心电图呈剂量和时间依赖性变化。血流动力学参数，包括心率、股动脉平均压、左心室发展压和左心室压力的一阶导数降低，但左心室舒张末期压没有增加。动脉血氧分压和氧饱和度没有变化。乳酸脱氢酶、肌酸激酶和肌酸激酶 MB 同工酶显著增加。组织病理学检查显示心脏充血、出血、水肿和变性；肺充血、出血和肝急性充血。透射电子显微镜检查发现心肌细胞的部分肌节纤维断裂、溶解和消失，部分线粒体肿胀。激光共聚焦显微镜检查发现，成年大鼠的心室肌细胞变形，在接受 TOE 处理后 30 分钟内最终死亡。我们的结果表明，海蜇 TOE 的心脏抑制作用是导致死亡的主要原因，急性全心衰竭是麻醉 SD 大鼠的基本病理生理变化。
