Research Unit Evaluation, Sport, Health, National Centre of Medicine and Science in Sport, Tunis, Tunisia.
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2009 Dec;4(4):419-34. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.4.4.419.
The month-long diurnal Ramadan fast imposes a major challenge to Islamic athletes. Sporting events are programmed throughout the year, with the result that training and competition are often scheduled during Ramadan. The small numbers of well-controlled studies that have examined the effects of Ramadan on athletic performance suggest that few aspects of physical fitness are negatively affected, and only modest decrements are observed. Whereas subjective feelings of fatigue and other mood indicators are often cited as implying additional stress on the athlete throughout Ramadan, most studies show these measures may not be reflected in decreases in performance. The development and early implementation of sensible eating and sleeping strategies can greatly alleviate the disruptions to training and competitiveness, thus allowing the athlete to perform at a high level while undertaking the religious intermittent fast. Nevertheless, further research is required to understand the mechanisms and energy pathways that allow athletes to maintain their performance capacities during Ramadan, and which factors are responsible for the observed decrements in performance of some individuals.
为期一个月的日间斋月禁食对伊斯兰教运动员构成了重大挑战。体育赛事全年都有安排，因此训练和比赛经常安排在斋月期间。为数不多的精心控制的研究考察了斋月对运动表现的影响，这些研究表明，很少有身体素质方面受到负面影响，只有适度的下降。尽管人们经常认为疲劳等主观感觉和其他情绪指标在整个斋月期间对运动员造成了额外的压力，但大多数研究表明，这些指标的下降并不一定反映在运动表现上。制定和尽早实施合理的饮食和睡眠策略可以大大减轻训练和竞争力的中断，从而使运动员在进行宗教间歇性禁食的同时能够保持高水平的表现。然而，需要进一步的研究来了解允许运动员在斋月期间保持其表现能力的机制和能量途径，以及哪些因素导致一些人表现下降。
