Washif Jad Adrian, Pyne David B, Sandbakk Øyvind, Trabelsi Khaled, Aziz Abdul Rashid, Beaven Christopher Martyn, Krug Isabel, Mujika Iñigo, Ammar Achraf, Chaouachi Anis, Moussa-Chamari Imen, Aloui Asma, Chtourou Hamdi, Farooq Abdulaziz, Haddad Monoem, Romdhani Mohamed, Salamh Paul, Tabben Montassar, Wong Del P, Zerguini Yacine, DeLang Matthew D, Taylor Lee, Saad Helmi Ben, Chamari Karim
Sports Performance Division, Institut Sukan Negara Malaysia (National Sports Institute of Malaysia), 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia.
Biol Sport. 2022 Oct;39(4):1103-1115. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2022.117576. Epub 2022 Jun 27.
Ramadan intermittent fasting during the COVID-19 lockdown (RIFL) may present unique demands. We investigated training practices (i.e., training load and training times) of athletes, using pre-defined survey criteria/questions, during the 'first' COVID-19 lockdown, comparing RIFL to lockdown-alone (LD) in Muslim athletes. Specifically, a within-subject, survey-based study saw athletes (n = 5,529; from 110 countries/territories) training practices (comparing RIFL to LD) explored by comparative variables of: sex; age; continent; athlete classification (e.g., world-class); sport classification (e.g., endurance); athlete status (e.g., professional); and level of training knowledge and beliefs/attitudes (ranked as: good/moderate/poor). During RIFL (compared to LD), athlete perceptions (ranges presented given variety of comparative variables) of their training load decreased (46-62%), were maintained (31-48%) or increased (2-13%). Decreases (≥ 5%, p < 0.05) affected more athletes aged 30-39 years than those 18-29 years (60 vs 55%); more national than international athletes (59 vs 51%); more team sports than precision sports (59 vs 46%); more North American than European athletes (62 vs 53%); more semi-professional than professional athletes (60 vs 54%); more athletes who rated their beliefs/attitudes 'good' compared to 'poor' and 'moderate' (61 vs 54 and 53%, respectively); and more athletes with 'moderate' than 'poor' knowledge (58 vs 53%). During RIFL, athletes had different strategies for training times, with 13-29% training twice a day (i.e., afternoon and night), 12-26% at night only, and 18-36% in the afternoon only, with ranges depending on the comparative variables. Training loads and activities were altered negatively during RIFL compared to LD. It would be prudent for decision-makers responsible for RIFL athletes to develop programs to support athletes during such challenges.
在新冠疫情封锁期间进行斋月间歇性禁食（RIFL）可能会带来独特的要求。我们使用预先定义的调查标准/问题，对运动员在第一次新冠疫情封锁期间的训练做法（即训练负荷和训练时间）进行了调查，比较了穆斯林运动员中进行斋月间歇性禁食与仅处于封锁状态（LD）的情况。具体而言，一项基于调查的受试者内研究观察了运动员（n = 5,529；来自110个国家/地区）的训练做法（比较斋月间歇性禁食与仅处于封锁状态），通过以下比较变量进行探讨：性别；年龄；大洲；运动员分类（例如，世界级）；运动分类（例如，耐力项目）；运动员状态（例如，职业运动员）；以及训练知识和信念/态度水平（分为：良好/中等/较差）。在斋月间歇性禁食期间（与仅处于封锁状态相比），运动员对其训练负荷的认知（根据各种比较变量给出范围）有所下降（46 - 62%）、保持不变（31 - 48%）或增加（2 - 13%）。下降幅度（≥ 5%，p < 0.05）在30 - 39岁的运动员中比18 - 29岁的运动员中更为常见（60%对55%）；在国内运动员中比国际运动员中更为常见（59%对51%）；在团体运动项目的运动员中比精准运动项目的运动员中更为常见（59%对46%）；在北美运动员中比欧洲运动员中更为常见（62%对53%）；在半职业运动员中比职业运动员中更为常见（60%对54%）；在将其信念/态度评为“良好”的运动员中比评为“较差 ”和 “中等”的运动员中更为常见（分别为61%对54%和53%）；在知识水平为“中等”的运动员中比“较差”的运动员中更为常见（58%对53%）。在斋月间歇性禁食期间，运动员有不同的训练时间策略，13 - 29%的运动员每天训练两次（即下午和晚上），12 - 26%的运动员仅在晚上训练，18 - 36%的运动员仅在下午训练，具体范围取决于比较变量。与仅处于封锁状态相比，在斋月间歇性禁食期间训练负荷和活动受到了负面影响。负责斋月间歇性禁食运动员的决策者制定计划以在这种挑战期间支持运动员是明智的。
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